From 07b2a527d5f55b85faee7d5945fbdd722f85d1eb Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Lanius Trolling <lanius@laniustrolling.dev>
Date: Mon, 8 Apr 2024 14:52:01 -0400
Subject: [PATCH] Move entirely to coroutine-based file storage API

---
 .idea/gradle.xml                              |   1 +
 .idea/kotlinc.xml                             |   2 +-
 build.gradle.kts                              |  22 +-
 cache4k/LICENSE.txt                           | 201 +++++++++
 cache4k/build.gradle.kts                      |  15 +
 .../io/github/reactivecircus/cache4k/Cache.kt | 170 ++++++++
 .../reactivecircus/cache4k/CacheEvent.kt      | 152 +++++++
 .../cache4k/ConcurrentMutableMap.kt           |   5 +
 .../reactivecircus/cache4k/FakeTimeSource.kt  |  57 +++
 .../cache4k/KeyedSynchronizer.kt              |  69 +++
 .../reactivecircus/cache4k/RealCache.kt       | 321 ++++++++++++++
 .../cache4k/ReorderingIsoMutableSet.kt        |  17 +
 settings.gradle.kts                           |   1 +
 .../kotlin/info/mechyrdia/Configuration.kt    |  24 +-
 .../kotlin/info/mechyrdia/Factbooks.kt        |  15 +-
 .../info/mechyrdia/data/MigrateFiles.kt       | 108 +++++
 .../kotlin/info/mechyrdia/data/bson.kt        |  87 ----
 .../kotlin/info/mechyrdia/data/comments.kt    |  11 +-
 .../kotlin/info/mechyrdia/data/data.kt        |  47 +-
 .../kotlin/info/mechyrdia/data/data_files.kt  | 215 ++++++++-
 .../info/mechyrdia/data/view_comments.kt      |   6 +-
 .../kotlin/info/mechyrdia/data/visits.kt      |   5 +-
 .../kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/april_1st.kt   |  18 +-
 .../info/mechyrdia/lore/article_listing.kt    |  30 +-
 .../info/mechyrdia/lore/asset_caching.kt      |  73 ++--
 .../info/mechyrdia/lore/asset_compression.kt  |  35 +-
 .../info/mechyrdia/lore/asset_hashing.kt      |  45 +-
 .../kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/file_data.kt   |  39 +-
 .../kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/fonts.kt       |  45 +-
 .../kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/parser_html.kt |  19 +-
 .../info/mechyrdia/lore/parser_preprocess.kt  | 113 ++++-
 .../lore/parser_preprocess_include.kt         | 127 ++++++
 .../mechyrdia/lore/parser_preprocess_json.kt  |  20 +
 .../mechyrdia/lore/parser_preprocess_math.kt  |  37 +-
 .../kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/parser_raw.kt  |  15 +-
 .../kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/parser_tree.kt |   4 +-
 .../kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/preparser.kt   |  33 --
 .../info/mechyrdia/lore/preparser_config.kt   | 408 ------------------
 .../kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/view_map.kt    |   8 +-
 .../kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/view_nav.kt    |  12 +-
 .../kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/views_lore.kt  |  80 ++--
 .../kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/views_quote.kt |  14 +-
 .../info/mechyrdia/lore/views_robots.kt       |  68 +--
 .../kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/views_rss.kt   | 109 ++---
 .../info/mechyrdia/route/resource_types.kt    |  19 +-
 45 files changed, 1994 insertions(+), 928 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 cache4k/LICENSE.txt
 create mode 100644 cache4k/build.gradle.kts
 create mode 100644 cache4k/src/main/kotlin/io/github/reactivecircus/cache4k/Cache.kt
 create mode 100644 cache4k/src/main/kotlin/io/github/reactivecircus/cache4k/CacheEvent.kt
 create mode 100644 cache4k/src/main/kotlin/io/github/reactivecircus/cache4k/ConcurrentMutableMap.kt
 create mode 100644 cache4k/src/main/kotlin/io/github/reactivecircus/cache4k/FakeTimeSource.kt
 create mode 100644 cache4k/src/main/kotlin/io/github/reactivecircus/cache4k/KeyedSynchronizer.kt
 create mode 100644 cache4k/src/main/kotlin/io/github/reactivecircus/cache4k/RealCache.kt
 create mode 100644 cache4k/src/main/kotlin/io/github/reactivecircus/cache4k/ReorderingIsoMutableSet.kt
 create mode 100644 src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/data/MigrateFiles.kt
 delete mode 100644 src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/preparser.kt
 delete mode 100644 src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/preparser_config.kt

diff --git a/.idea/gradle.xml b/.idea/gradle.xml
index 08d6d55..628889d 100644
--- a/.idea/gradle.xml
+++ b/.idea/gradle.xml
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@
         <option name="modules">
           <set>
             <option value="$PROJECT_DIR$" />
+            <option value="$PROJECT_DIR$/cache4k" />
             <option value="$PROJECT_DIR$/externals" />
             <option value="$PROJECT_DIR$/fontparser" />
           </set>
diff --git a/.idea/kotlinc.xml b/.idea/kotlinc.xml
index ae3f30a..fe63bb6 100644
--- a/.idea/kotlinc.xml
+++ b/.idea/kotlinc.xml
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 <project version="4">
   <component name="KotlinJpsPluginSettings">
-    <option name="version" value="1.9.21" />
+    <option name="version" value="1.9.23" />
   </component>
 </project>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/build.gradle.kts b/build.gradle.kts
index 204541f..b90ee70 100644
--- a/build.gradle.kts
+++ b/build.gradle.kts
@@ -128,11 +128,11 @@ kotlin {
 		
 		val jvmMain by getting {
 			dependencies {
-				implementation("org.jetbrains.kotlinx:kotlinx-coroutines-core-jvm:1.7.3")
-				implementation("org.jetbrains.kotlinx:kotlinx-coroutines-jdk8:1.7.3")
-				implementation("org.jetbrains.kotlinx:kotlinx-coroutines-reactive:1.7.3")
-				implementation("org.jetbrains.kotlinx:kotlinx-serialization-core-jvm:1.6.2")
-				implementation("org.jetbrains.kotlinx:kotlinx-serialization-json-jvm:1.6.2")
+				implementation("org.jetbrains.kotlinx:kotlinx-coroutines-core-jvm:1.8.0")
+				implementation("org.jetbrains.kotlinx:kotlinx-coroutines-jdk8:1.8.0")
+				implementation("org.jetbrains.kotlinx:kotlinx-coroutines-reactive:1.8.0")
+				implementation("org.jetbrains.kotlinx:kotlinx-serialization-core-jvm:1.6.3")
+				implementation("org.jetbrains.kotlinx:kotlinx-serialization-json-jvm:1.6.3")
 				
 				implementation("io.ktor:ktor-server-core-jvm:2.3.9")
 				implementation("io.ktor:ktor-server-cio-jvm:2.3.9")
@@ -162,6 +162,7 @@ kotlin {
 				implementation("com.aventrix.jnanoid:jnanoid:2.0.0")
 				implementation("org.mongodb:mongodb-driver-kotlin-coroutine:5.0.0")
 				implementation("org.mongodb:bson-kotlinx:5.0.0")
+				implementation(project(":cache4k"))
 				
 				implementation("org.slf4j:slf4j-api:2.0.7")
 				implementation("ch.qos.logback:logback-classic:1.4.14")
@@ -275,6 +276,17 @@ tasks.named<JavaExec>("runShadow") {
 	dependsOn(mapDeployToAssets)
 }
 
+tasks.register("migrateToGridFs", JavaExec::class) {
+	group = "administration"
+	
+	val runShadow: JavaExec by tasks
+	
+	javaLauncher.convention(runShadow.javaLauncher)
+	classpath = runShadow.classpath
+	mainClass.set("info.mechyrdia.data.MigrateFiles")
+	setArgs(listOf("config", "gridfs"))
+}
+
 tasks.withType<JavaExec> {
 	javaLauncher.set(javaToolchains.launcherFor {
 		languageVersion.set(JavaLanguageVersion.of(17))
diff --git a/cache4k/LICENSE.txt b/cache4k/LICENSE.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ae0935c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cache4k/LICENSE.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,201 @@
+                                 Apache License
+                           Version 2.0, January 2004
+                        http://www.apache.org/licenses/
+
+   TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR USE, REPRODUCTION, AND DISTRIBUTION
+
+   1. Definitions.
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+   END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
+
+   APPENDIX: How to apply the Apache License to your work.
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+      To apply the Apache License to your work, attach the following
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diff --git a/cache4k/build.gradle.kts b/cache4k/build.gradle.kts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2ae05bf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cache4k/build.gradle.kts
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+plugins {
+	kotlin("jvm")
+}
+
+group = "io.github.reactivecircus.cache4k"
+
+repositories {
+	mavenCentral()
+}
+
+dependencies {
+	implementation("org.jetbrains.kotlinx:kotlinx-coroutines-core-jvm:1.8.0")
+	implementation("org.jetbrains.kotlinx:atomicfu:0.23.2")
+	implementation("co.touchlab:stately-iso-collections:2.0.6")
+}
diff --git a/cache4k/src/main/kotlin/io/github/reactivecircus/cache4k/Cache.kt b/cache4k/src/main/kotlin/io/github/reactivecircus/cache4k/Cache.kt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7d07699
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cache4k/src/main/kotlin/io/github/reactivecircus/cache4k/Cache.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,170 @@
+package io.github.reactivecircus.cache4k
+
+import kotlin.time.Duration
+import kotlin.time.TimeSource
+
+/**
+ * An in-memory key-value cache with support for time-based (expiration) and size-based evictions.
+ */
+public interface Cache<in Key : Any, Value : Any> {
+	
+	/**
+	 * Returns the value associated with [key] in this cache, or null if there is no
+	 * cached value for [key].
+	 */
+	public fun get(key: Key): Value?
+	
+	/**
+	 * Returns the value associated with [key] in this cache if exists,
+	 * otherwise gets the value by invoking [loader], associates the value with [key] in the cache,
+	 * and returns the cached value.
+	 *
+	 * Any exceptions thrown by the [loader] will be propagated to the caller of this function.
+	 */
+	public suspend fun get(key: Key, loader: suspend () -> Value): Value
+	
+	/**
+	 * Associates [value] with [key] in this cache. If the cache previously contained a
+	 * value associated with [key], the old value is replaced by [value].
+	 */
+	public fun put(key: Key, value: Value)
+	
+	/**
+	 * Invokes [loader] atomically on the previous value of [key], or null if absent,
+	 * associates the result of [loader] with [key] in the cache, invalidating if the result
+	 * is null, and returns the result.
+	 *
+	 * Any exceptions thrown by the [loader] will be propagated to the caller of this function.
+	 */
+	public suspend fun processAtomic(key: Key, loader: suspend (Value?) -> Value?): Value?
+	
+	/**
+	 * Discards any cached value for key [key].
+	 */
+	public fun invalidate(key: Key)
+	
+	/**
+	 * Discards all entries in the cache.
+	 */
+	public fun invalidateAll()
+	
+	/**
+	 * Returns a defensive copy of cache entries as [Map].
+	 */
+	public fun asMap(): Map<in Key, Value>
+	
+	/**
+	 * Main entry point for creating a [Cache].
+	 */
+	public interface Builder<K : Any, V : Any> {
+		
+		/**
+		 * Specifies that each entry should be automatically removed from the cache once a fixed duration
+		 * has elapsed after the entry's creation or the most recent replacement of its value.
+		 *
+		 * When [duration] is zero, the cache's max size will be set to 0
+		 * meaning no values will be cached.
+		 */
+		public fun expireAfterWrite(duration: Duration): Builder<K, V>
+		
+		/**
+		 * Specifies that each entry should be automatically removed from the cache once a fixed duration
+		 * has elapsed after the entry's creation, the most recent replacement of its value, or its last
+		 * access.
+		 *
+		 * When [duration] is zero, the cache's max size will be set to 0
+		 * meaning no values will be cached.
+		 */
+		public fun expireAfterAccess(duration: Duration): Builder<K, V>
+		
+		/**
+		 * Specifies the maximum number of entries the cache may contain.
+		 * Cache eviction policy is based on LRU - i.e. least recently accessed entries get evicted first.
+		 *
+		 * When [size] is 0, entries will be discarded immediately and no values will be cached.
+		 *
+		 * If not set, cache size will be unlimited.
+		 */
+		public fun maximumCacheSize(size: Long): Builder<K, V>
+		
+		/**
+		 * Specifies a [TimeSource] to be used for expiry checks.
+		 * If not specified, [TimeSource.Monotonic] will be used.
+		 */
+		public fun timeSource(timeSource: TimeSource): Builder<K, V>
+		
+		/**
+		 * Specifies a [CacheEventListener] to be used to handle cache events.
+		 */
+		public fun eventListener(listener: CacheEventListener<K, V>): Builder<K, V>
+		
+		/**
+		 * Builds a new instance of [Cache] with the specified configurations.
+		 */
+		public fun build(): Cache<K, V>
+		
+		public companion object {
+			
+			/**
+			 * Returns a new [Cache.Builder] instance.
+			 */
+			public operator fun <K : Any, V : Any> invoke(): Builder<K, V> = CacheBuilderImpl()
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+/**
+ * A default implementation of [Cache.Builder].
+ */
+internal class CacheBuilderImpl<K : Any, V : Any> : Cache.Builder<K, V> {
+	
+	private var expireAfterWriteDuration = Duration.INFINITE
+	
+	private var expireAfterAccessDuration = Duration.INFINITE
+	private var maxSize = UNSET_LONG
+	private var timeSource: TimeSource? = null
+	private var eventListener: CacheEventListener<K, V>? = null
+	
+	override fun expireAfterWrite(duration: Duration): CacheBuilderImpl<K, V> = apply {
+		require(duration.isPositive()) {
+			"expireAfterWrite duration must be positive"
+		}
+		this.expireAfterWriteDuration = duration
+	}
+	
+	override fun expireAfterAccess(duration: Duration): CacheBuilderImpl<K, V> = apply {
+		require(duration.isPositive()) {
+			"expireAfterAccess duration must be positive"
+		}
+		this.expireAfterAccessDuration = duration
+	}
+	
+	override fun maximumCacheSize(size: Long): CacheBuilderImpl<K, V> = apply {
+		require(size >= 0) {
+			"maximum size must not be negative"
+		}
+		this.maxSize = size
+	}
+	
+	override fun timeSource(timeSource: TimeSource): Cache.Builder<K, V> = apply {
+		this.timeSource = timeSource
+	}
+	
+	override fun eventListener(listener: CacheEventListener<K, V>): Cache.Builder<K, V> = apply {
+		eventListener = listener
+	}
+	
+	override fun build(): Cache<K, V> {
+		return RealCache(
+			expireAfterWriteDuration,
+			expireAfterAccessDuration,
+			maxSize,
+			timeSource ?: TimeSource.Monotonic,
+			eventListener,
+		)
+	}
+	
+	companion object {
+		internal const val UNSET_LONG: Long = -1
+	}
+}
diff --git a/cache4k/src/main/kotlin/io/github/reactivecircus/cache4k/CacheEvent.kt b/cache4k/src/main/kotlin/io/github/reactivecircus/cache4k/CacheEvent.kt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8f65e13
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cache4k/src/main/kotlin/io/github/reactivecircus/cache4k/CacheEvent.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,152 @@
+package io.github.reactivecircus.cache4k
+
+/**
+ * An event resulting from a mutative [Cache] operation.
+ */
+public sealed interface CacheEvent<Key : Any, Value : Any> {
+	public val key: Key
+	
+	public class Created<Key : Any, Value : Any>(
+		override val key: Key,
+		public val value: Value,
+	) : CacheEvent<Key, Value> {
+		override fun toString(): String {
+			return "Created(key=$key, value=$value)"
+		}
+		
+		override fun equals(other: Any?): Boolean {
+			if (this === other) return true
+			if (other == null || this::class != other::class) return false
+			
+			other as Created<*, *>
+			
+			return key == other.key && value == other.value
+		}
+		
+		override fun hashCode(): Int {
+			var result = key.hashCode()
+			result = 31 * result + value.hashCode()
+			return result
+		}
+	}
+	
+	public class Updated<Key : Any, Value : Any>(
+		override val key: Key,
+		public val oldValue: Value,
+		public val newValue: Value,
+	) : CacheEvent<Key, Value> {
+		override fun toString(): String {
+			return "Updated(key=$key, oldValue=$oldValue, newValue=$newValue)"
+		}
+		
+		override fun equals(other: Any?): Boolean {
+			if (this === other) return true
+			if (other == null || this::class != other::class) return false
+			
+			other as Updated<*, *>
+			
+			return key == other.key && oldValue == other.oldValue && newValue == other.newValue
+		}
+		
+		override fun hashCode(): Int {
+			var result = key.hashCode()
+			result = 31 * result + oldValue.hashCode()
+			result = 31 * result + newValue.hashCode()
+			return result
+		}
+	}
+	
+	public class Removed<Key : Any, Value : Any>(
+		override val key: Key,
+		public val value: Value,
+	) : CacheEvent<Key, Value> {
+		override fun toString(): String {
+			return "Removed(key=$key, value=$value)"
+		}
+		
+		override fun equals(other: Any?): Boolean {
+			if (this === other) return true
+			if (other == null || this::class != other::class) return false
+			
+			other as Removed<*, *>
+			
+			return key == other.key && value == other.value
+		}
+		
+		override fun hashCode(): Int {
+			var result = key.hashCode()
+			result = 31 * result + value.hashCode()
+			return result
+		}
+	}
+	
+	public class Expired<Key : Any, Value : Any>(
+		override val key: Key,
+		public val value: Value,
+	) : CacheEvent<Key, Value> {
+		override fun toString(): String {
+			return "Expired(key=$key, value=$value)"
+		}
+		
+		override fun equals(other: Any?): Boolean {
+			if (this === other) return true
+			if (other == null || this::class != other::class) return false
+			
+			other as Expired<*, *>
+			
+			return key == other.key && value == other.value
+		}
+		
+		override fun hashCode(): Int {
+			var result = key.hashCode()
+			result = 31 * result + value.hashCode()
+			return result
+		}
+	}
+	
+	public class Evicted<Key : Any, Value : Any>(
+		override val key: Key,
+		public val value: Value,
+	) : CacheEvent<Key, Value> {
+		override fun toString(): String {
+			return "Evicted(key=$key, value=$value)"
+		}
+		
+		override fun equals(other: Any?): Boolean {
+			if (this === other) return true
+			if (other == null || this::class != other::class) return false
+			
+			other as Evicted<*, *>
+			
+			return key == other.key && value == other.value
+		}
+		
+		override fun hashCode(): Int {
+			var result = key.hashCode()
+			result = 31 * result + value.hashCode()
+			return result
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+/**
+ * Definition of the contract for implementing listeners to receive [CacheEvent]s from a [Cache].
+ */
+public fun interface CacheEventListener<Key : Any, Value : Any> {
+	/**
+	 * Invoked on [CacheEvent] firing.
+	 *
+	 * Cache entry event firing behaviors for mutative methods:
+	 *
+	 * | Initial value    | Operation                | New value | Event                            |
+	 * |:-----------------|:-------------------------|:----------|:---------------------------------|
+	 * | {}               | put(K, V)                | {K: V}    | Created(K, V)                    |
+	 * | {K: V1}          | put(K, V2)               | {K: V2}   | Updated(K, V1, V2)               |
+	 * | {K: V}           | invalidate(K)            | {}        | Removed(K, V)                    |
+	 * | {K1: V1, K2: V2} | invalidateAll()          | {}        | Removed(K1, V1), Removed(K2, V2) |
+	 * | {K: V}           | any operation, K expired | {}        | Expired(K, V)                    |
+	 * | {K1: V1}         | put(K2, V2), K1 evicted  | {K2: V2}  | Created(K2, V2), Evicted(K1, V1) |
+	 *
+	 */
+	public fun onEvent(event: CacheEvent<Key, Value>)
+}
diff --git a/cache4k/src/main/kotlin/io/github/reactivecircus/cache4k/ConcurrentMutableMap.kt b/cache4k/src/main/kotlin/io/github/reactivecircus/cache4k/ConcurrentMutableMap.kt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1dd8ff4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cache4k/src/main/kotlin/io/github/reactivecircus/cache4k/ConcurrentMutableMap.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+package io.github.reactivecircus.cache4k
+
+import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap
+
+internal typealias ConcurrentMutableMap<Key, Value> = ConcurrentHashMap<Key, Value>
diff --git a/cache4k/src/main/kotlin/io/github/reactivecircus/cache4k/FakeTimeSource.kt b/cache4k/src/main/kotlin/io/github/reactivecircus/cache4k/FakeTimeSource.kt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5ff7405
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cache4k/src/main/kotlin/io/github/reactivecircus/cache4k/FakeTimeSource.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+package io.github.reactivecircus.cache4k
+
+import kotlinx.atomicfu.AtomicLong
+import kotlinx.atomicfu.atomic
+import kotlinx.atomicfu.update
+import kotlin.time.AbstractLongTimeSource
+import kotlin.time.Duration
+import kotlin.time.DurationUnit
+
+/**
+ * A time source that has programmatically updatable readings with support for multi-threaded access in Kotlin/Native.
+ *
+ * Implementation is identical to [kotlin.time.TestTimeSource] except the internal [reading] is an [AtomicLong].
+ */
+public class FakeTimeSource : AbstractLongTimeSource(unit = DurationUnit.NANOSECONDS) {
+	
+	private val reading = atomic(0L)
+	
+	override fun read(): Long = reading.value
+	
+	/**
+	 * Advances the current reading value of this time source by the specified [duration].
+	 *
+	 * [duration] value is rounded down towards zero when converting it to a [Long] number of nanoseconds.
+	 * For example, if the duration being added is `0.6.nanoseconds`, the reading doesn't advance because
+	 * the duration value is rounded to zero nanoseconds.
+	 *
+	 * @throws IllegalStateException when the reading value overflows as the result of this operation.
+	 */
+	public operator fun plusAssign(duration: Duration) {
+		val delta = duration.toDouble(unit)
+		val longDelta = delta.toLong()
+		reading.update { currentReading ->
+			if (longDelta != Long.MIN_VALUE && longDelta != Long.MAX_VALUE) {
+				// when delta fits in long, add it as long
+				val newReading = currentReading + longDelta
+				if (currentReading xor longDelta >= 0 && currentReading xor newReading < 0) {
+					overflow(duration)
+				}
+				newReading
+			} else {
+				// when delta is greater than long, add it as double
+				val newReading = currentReading + delta
+				if (newReading > Long.MAX_VALUE || newReading < Long.MIN_VALUE) {
+					overflow(duration)
+				}
+				newReading.toLong()
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	
+	private fun overflow(duration: Duration) {
+		throw IllegalStateException(
+			"FakeTimeSource will overflow if its reading ${reading}ns is advanced by $duration."
+		)
+	}
+}
diff --git a/cache4k/src/main/kotlin/io/github/reactivecircus/cache4k/KeyedSynchronizer.kt b/cache4k/src/main/kotlin/io/github/reactivecircus/cache4k/KeyedSynchronizer.kt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d46df32
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cache4k/src/main/kotlin/io/github/reactivecircus/cache4k/KeyedSynchronizer.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+package io.github.reactivecircus.cache4k
+
+import kotlinx.atomicfu.locks.reentrantLock
+import kotlinx.atomicfu.locks.withLock
+import kotlinx.coroutines.sync.Mutex
+import kotlinx.coroutines.sync.withLock
+
+/**
+ * Provides a mechanism for performing key-based synchronization.
+ */
+internal class KeyedSynchronizer<Key : Any> {
+	
+	private val keyBasedMutexes = ConcurrentMutableMap<Key, MutexEntry>()
+	
+	private val mapLock = reentrantLock()
+	
+	/**
+	 * Executes the given [action] under a mutex associated with the [key].
+	 * When called concurrently, all actions associated with the same [key] are mutually exclusive.
+	 */
+	suspend fun <T> synchronizedFor(key: Key, action: suspend () -> T): T {
+		return getMutex(key).withLock {
+			try {
+				action()
+			} finally {
+				removeMutex(key)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	
+	/**
+	 * Try to get a [MutexEntry] for the given [key] from the map.
+	 * If one cannot be found, create a new [MutexEntry], save it to the map, and return it.
+	 */
+	private fun getMutex(key: Key): Mutex {
+		mapLock.withLock {
+			val mutexEntry = keyBasedMutexes[key] ?: MutexEntry(Mutex(), 0)
+			// increment the counter to indicate a new thread is using the lock
+			mutexEntry.counter++
+			// save the lock entry to the map if it has just been created
+			if (keyBasedMutexes[key] == null) {
+				keyBasedMutexes.put(key, mutexEntry)
+			}
+			
+			return mutexEntry.mutex
+		}
+	}
+	
+	/**
+	 * Remove the [MutexEntry] associated with the given [key] from the map
+	 * if no other thread is using the mutex.
+	 */
+	private fun removeMutex(key: Key) {
+		mapLock.withLock {
+			// decrement the counter to indicate the lock is no longer needed for this thread,
+			// then remove the lock entry from map if no other thread is still holding this lock
+			val mutexEntry = keyBasedMutexes[key] ?: return
+			mutexEntry.counter--
+			if (mutexEntry.counter == 0) {
+				keyBasedMutexes.remove(key)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+private class MutexEntry(
+	val mutex: Mutex,
+	var counter: Int
+)
diff --git a/cache4k/src/main/kotlin/io/github/reactivecircus/cache4k/RealCache.kt b/cache4k/src/main/kotlin/io/github/reactivecircus/cache4k/RealCache.kt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..59a2e70
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cache4k/src/main/kotlin/io/github/reactivecircus/cache4k/RealCache.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,321 @@
+package io.github.reactivecircus.cache4k
+
+import co.touchlab.stately.collections.IsoMutableSet
+import kotlinx.atomicfu.AtomicRef
+import kotlinx.atomicfu.atomic
+import kotlinx.atomicfu.update
+import kotlin.time.Duration
+import kotlin.time.TimeMark
+import kotlin.time.TimeSource
+
+/**
+ * A Kotlin Multiplatform [Cache] implementation powered by touchlab/Stately.
+ *
+ * Two types of evictions are supported:
+ *
+ * 1. Time-based evictions (expiration)
+ * 2. Size-based evictions
+ *
+ * Time-based evictions are enabled by specifying [expireAfterWriteDuration] and/or [expireAfterAccessDuration].
+ * When [expireAfterWriteDuration] is specified, entries will be automatically removed from the cache
+ * once a fixed duration has elapsed after the entry's creation
+ * or most recent replacement of its value.
+ * When [expireAfterAccessDuration] is specified, entries will be automatically removed from the cache
+ * once a fixed duration has elapsed after the entry's creation,
+ * the most recent replacement of its value, or its last access.
+ *
+ * Note that creation and replacement of an entry is also considered an access.
+ *
+ * Size-based evictions are enabled by specifying [maxSize]. When the size of the cache entries grows
+ * beyond [maxSize], least recently accessed entries will be evicted.
+ */
+internal class RealCache<Key : Any, Value : Any>(
+	val expireAfterWriteDuration: Duration,
+	val expireAfterAccessDuration: Duration,
+	val maxSize: Long,
+	val timeSource: TimeSource,
+	private val eventListener: CacheEventListener<Key, Value>?,
+) : Cache<Key, Value> {
+	
+	private val cacheEntries = ConcurrentMutableMap<Key, CacheEntry<Key, Value>>()
+	
+	/**
+	 * Whether to perform size based evictions.
+	 */
+	private val evictsBySize = maxSize >= 0
+	
+	/**
+	 * Whether to perform write-time based expiration.
+	 */
+	private val expiresAfterWrite = expireAfterWriteDuration.isFinite()
+	
+	/**
+	 * Whether to perform access-time (both read and write) based expiration.
+	 */
+	private val expiresAfterAccess = expireAfterAccessDuration.isFinite()
+	
+	/**
+	 * A key-based synchronizer for running cache loaders.
+	 */
+	private val loadersSynchronizer = KeyedSynchronizer<Key>()
+	
+	/**
+	 * A queue of unique cache entries ordered by write time.
+	 * Used for performing write-time based cache expiration.
+	 */
+	private val writeQueue: IsoMutableSet<CacheEntry<Key, Value>>? =
+		takeIf { expiresAfterWrite }?.let {
+			ReorderingIsoMutableSet()
+		}
+	
+	/**
+	 * A queue of unique cache entries ordered by access time.
+	 * Used for performing both write-time and read-time based cache expiration
+	 * as well as size-based eviction.
+	 *
+	 * Note that a write is also considered an access.
+	 */
+	private val accessQueue: IsoMutableSet<CacheEntry<Key, Value>>? =
+		takeIf { expiresAfterAccess || evictsBySize }?.let {
+			ReorderingIsoMutableSet()
+		}
+	
+	override fun get(key: Key): Value? {
+		return cacheEntries[key]?.let {
+			if (it.isExpired()) {
+				// clean up expired entries and return null
+				expireEntries()
+				null
+			} else {
+				// update eviction metadata
+				recordRead(it)
+				it.value.value
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	
+	override suspend fun get(key: Key, loader: suspend () -> Value): Value {
+		return loadersSynchronizer.synchronizedFor(key) {
+			cacheEntries[key]?.let {
+				if (it.isExpired()) {
+					// clean up expired entries
+					expireEntries()
+					null
+				} else {
+					// update eviction metadata
+					recordRead(it)
+					it.value.value
+				}
+			} ?: loader().let { loadedValue ->
+				val existingValue = get(key)
+				if (existingValue != null) {
+					existingValue
+				} else {
+					put(key, loadedValue)
+					loadedValue
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	
+	override fun put(key: Key, value: Value) {
+		expireEntries()
+		
+		val existingEntry = cacheEntries[key]
+		val oldValue = existingEntry?.value?.value
+		if (existingEntry != null) {
+			// cache entry found
+			recordWrite(existingEntry)
+			existingEntry.value.value = value
+		} else {
+			// create a new cache entry
+			val nowTimeMark = timeSource.markNow()
+			val newEntry = CacheEntry(
+				key = key,
+				value = atomic(value),
+				accessTimeMark = atomic(nowTimeMark),
+				writeTimeMark = atomic(nowTimeMark),
+			)
+			recordWrite(newEntry)
+			cacheEntries.put(key, newEntry)
+		}
+		onEvent(
+			oldValue?.let {
+				CacheEvent.Updated(key = key, oldValue = it, newValue = value)
+			} ?: CacheEvent.Created(key = key, value = value)
+		)
+		
+		evictEntries()
+	}
+	
+	override suspend fun processAtomic(key: Key, loader: suspend (Value?) -> Value?): Value? {
+		return loadersSynchronizer.synchronizedFor(key) {
+			val previous = cacheEntries[key]?.let {
+				if (it.isExpired()) {
+					// clean up expired entries
+					expireEntries()
+					null
+				} else {
+					// update eviction metadata
+					recordRead(it)
+					it.value.value
+				}
+			}
+			
+			val updated = loader(previous)
+			if (updated == null) {
+				if (previous != null) invalidate(key)
+				null
+			} else {
+				if (previous !== updated) put(key, updated)
+				updated
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	
+	override fun invalidate(key: Key) {
+		expireEntries()
+		cacheEntries.remove(key)?.also {
+			writeQueue?.remove(it)
+			accessQueue?.remove(it)
+			onEvent(
+				CacheEvent.Removed(
+					key = it.key,
+					value = it.value.value,
+				)
+			)
+		}
+	}
+	
+	override fun invalidateAll() {
+		if (eventListener != null) {
+			cacheEntries.values.forEach { entry ->
+				onEvent(
+					CacheEvent.Removed(
+						key = entry.key,
+						value = entry.value.value,
+					)
+				)
+			}
+		}
+		cacheEntries.clear()
+		writeQueue?.clear()
+		accessQueue?.clear()
+	}
+	
+	override fun asMap(): Map<in Key, Value> {
+		return cacheEntries.values.associate { entry ->
+			entry.key to entry.value.value
+		}
+	}
+	
+	/**
+	 * Remove all expired entries.
+	 */
+	private fun expireEntries() {
+		val queuesToProcess = listOfNotNull(
+			if (expiresAfterWrite) writeQueue else null,
+			if (expiresAfterAccess) accessQueue else null
+		)
+		
+		queuesToProcess.forEach { queue ->
+			queue.access {
+				val iterator = queue.iterator()
+				for (entry in iterator) {
+					if (entry.isExpired()) {
+						cacheEntries.remove(entry.key)
+						// remove the entry from the current queue
+						iterator.remove()
+						onEvent(
+							CacheEvent.Expired(
+								key = entry.key,
+								value = entry.value.value,
+							)
+						)
+					} else {
+						// found unexpired entry, no need to look any further
+						break
+					}
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	
+	/**
+	 * Check whether the [CacheEntry] has expired based on either access time or write time.
+	 */
+	private fun CacheEntry<Key, Value>.isExpired(): Boolean {
+		return expiresAfterAccess && (accessTimeMark.value + expireAfterAccessDuration).hasPassedNow() ||
+				expiresAfterWrite && (writeTimeMark.value + expireAfterWriteDuration).hasPassedNow()
+	}
+	
+	/**
+	 * Evict least recently accessed entries until [cacheEntries] is no longer over capacity.
+	 */
+	private fun evictEntries() {
+		if (!evictsBySize) {
+			return
+		}
+		
+		checkNotNull(accessQueue)
+		
+		while (cacheEntries.size > maxSize) {
+			accessQueue.access {
+				it.firstOrNull()?.run {
+					cacheEntries.remove(key)
+					writeQueue?.remove(this)
+					accessQueue.remove(this)
+					onEvent(
+						CacheEvent.Evicted(
+							key = key,
+							value = value.value,
+						)
+					)
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	
+	/**
+	 * Update the eviction metadata on the [cacheEntry] which has just been read.
+	 */
+	private fun recordRead(cacheEntry: CacheEntry<Key, Value>) {
+		if (expiresAfterAccess) {
+			val accessTimeMark = cacheEntry.accessTimeMark.value
+			cacheEntry.accessTimeMark.update { accessTimeMark + accessTimeMark.elapsedNow() }
+		}
+		accessQueue?.add(cacheEntry)
+	}
+	
+	/**
+	 * Update the eviction metadata on the [CacheEntry] which is about to be written.
+	 * Note that a write is also considered an access.
+	 */
+	private fun recordWrite(cacheEntry: CacheEntry<Key, Value>) {
+		if (expiresAfterAccess) {
+			val accessTimeMark = cacheEntry.accessTimeMark.value
+			cacheEntry.accessTimeMark.update { (accessTimeMark + accessTimeMark.elapsedNow()) }
+		}
+		if (expiresAfterWrite) {
+			val writeTimeMark = cacheEntry.writeTimeMark.value
+			cacheEntry.writeTimeMark.update { (writeTimeMark + writeTimeMark.elapsedNow()) }
+		}
+		accessQueue?.add(cacheEntry)
+		writeQueue?.add(cacheEntry)
+	}
+	
+	private fun onEvent(event: CacheEvent<Key, Value>) {
+		eventListener?.onEvent(event)
+	}
+}
+
+/**
+ * A cache entry holds the [key] and [value] pair,
+ * along with the metadata needed to perform cache expiration and eviction.
+ */
+private class CacheEntry<Key : Any, Value : Any>(
+	val key: Key,
+	val value: AtomicRef<Value>,
+	val accessTimeMark: AtomicRef<TimeMark>,
+	val writeTimeMark: AtomicRef<TimeMark>,
+)
diff --git a/cache4k/src/main/kotlin/io/github/reactivecircus/cache4k/ReorderingIsoMutableSet.kt b/cache4k/src/main/kotlin/io/github/reactivecircus/cache4k/ReorderingIsoMutableSet.kt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c8e0036
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cache4k/src/main/kotlin/io/github/reactivecircus/cache4k/ReorderingIsoMutableSet.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+package io.github.reactivecircus.cache4k
+
+import co.touchlab.stately.collections.IsoMutableSet
+
+/**
+ * A custom [IsoMutableSet] that updates the insertion order when an element is re-inserted,
+ * i.e. an inserted element will always be placed at the end
+ * regardless of whether the element already exists.
+ */
+internal class ReorderingIsoMutableSet<T> : IsoMutableSet<T>(), MutableSet<T> {
+	override fun add(element: T): Boolean = access {
+		val exists = remove(element)
+		super.add(element)
+		// respect the contract "true if this set did not already contain the specified element"
+		!exists
+	}
+}
diff --git a/settings.gradle.kts b/settings.gradle.kts
index a67fe34..1ed88d2 100644
--- a/settings.gradle.kts
+++ b/settings.gradle.kts
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 
 rootProject.name = "factbooks"
 
+include("cache4k")
 include("externals")
 include("fontparser")
 //include("fightgame")
diff --git a/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/Configuration.kt b/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/Configuration.kt
index 01ceaed..57d3736 100644
--- a/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/Configuration.kt
+++ b/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/Configuration.kt
@@ -2,9 +2,21 @@ package info.mechyrdia
 
 import info.mechyrdia.data.Id
 import info.mechyrdia.data.NationData
+import kotlinx.serialization.SerialName
 import kotlinx.serialization.Serializable
 import java.io.File
 
+@Serializable
+sealed class FileStorageConfig {
+	@Serializable
+	@SerialName("flat")
+	data class Flat(val baseDir: String) : FileStorageConfig()
+	
+	@Serializable
+	@SerialName("gridFS")
+	data object GridFs : FileStorageConfig()
+}
+
 @Serializable
 data class Configuration(
 	val host: String = "127.0.0.1",
@@ -12,13 +24,7 @@ data class Configuration(
 	
 	val isDevMode: Boolean = false,
 	
-	val rootDir: String = "..",
-	val articleDir: String = "$rootDir/lore",
-	val assetDir: String = "$rootDir/assets",
-	val templateDir: String = "$rootDir/tpl",
-	val jsonDocDir: String = "$rootDir/data",
-	val scriptDir: String = "$rootDir/funcs",
-	val april1Dir: String = "$rootDir/funny",
+	val storage: FileStorageConfig = FileStorageConfig.Flat(".."),
 	
 	val dbName: String = "nslore",
 	val dbConn: String = "mongodb://localhost:27017",
@@ -26,7 +32,7 @@ data class Configuration(
 	val ownerNation: String = "mechyrdia",
 ) {
 	companion object {
-		val CurrentConfiguration: Configuration by lazy {
+		val Current: Configuration by lazy {
 			val file = File(System.getProperty("factbooks.configpath", "./config.json"))
 			if (!file.isFile) {
 				if (file.exists())
@@ -41,4 +47,4 @@ data class Configuration(
 }
 
 val OwnerNationId: Id<NationData>
-	get() = Id(Configuration.CurrentConfiguration.ownerNation)
+	get() = Id(Configuration.Current.ownerNation)
diff --git a/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/Factbooks.kt b/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/Factbooks.kt
index af9fcc4..c31a07e 100644
--- a/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/Factbooks.kt
+++ b/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/Factbooks.kt
@@ -37,11 +37,13 @@ import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicLong
 fun main() {
 	System.setProperty("logback.statusListenerClass", "ch.qos.logback.core.status.NopStatusListener")
 	
-	System.setProperty("io.ktor.development", Configuration.CurrentConfiguration.isDevMode.toString())
+	System.setProperty("io.ktor.development", Configuration.Current.isDevMode.toString())
 	
-	ConnectionHolder.initialize(Configuration.CurrentConfiguration.dbConn, Configuration.CurrentConfiguration.dbName)
+	ConnectionHolder.initialize(Configuration.Current.dbConn, Configuration.Current.dbName)
 	
-	embeddedServer(CIO, port = Configuration.CurrentConfiguration.port, host = Configuration.CurrentConfiguration.host, module = Application::factbooks).start(wait = true)
+	FileStorage.initialize()
+	
+	embeddedServer(CIO, port = Configuration.Current.port, host = Configuration.Current.host, module = Application::factbooks).start(wait = true)
 }
 
 fun Application.factbooks() {
@@ -56,6 +58,9 @@ fun Application.factbooks() {
 	install(DefaultHeaders)
 	
 	install(XForwardedHeaders) {
+		// Running behind a single NGINX reverse proxy
+		// which corresponds to the last entry in the
+		// X-Forwarded headers
 		useLastProxy()
 	}
 	
@@ -71,8 +76,8 @@ fun Application.factbooks() {
 	}
 	
 	install(ConditionalHeaders) {
-		version { call, outgoingContent ->
-			getVersionHeaders(call, outgoingContent)
+		version { call, _ ->
+			getVersionHeaders(call)
 		}
 	}
 	
diff --git a/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/data/MigrateFiles.kt b/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/data/MigrateFiles.kt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bfd17d7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/data/MigrateFiles.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
+@file:JvmName("MigrateFiles")
+
+package info.mechyrdia.data
+
+import info.mechyrdia.Configuration
+import info.mechyrdia.FileStorageConfig
+import kotlinx.coroutines.async
+import kotlinx.coroutines.awaitAll
+import kotlinx.coroutines.coroutineScope
+import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.map
+import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.toList
+import kotlinx.coroutines.runBlocking
+import kotlin.system.exitProcess
+
+private fun printUsage(): Nothing {
+	println("Usage: <FROM> <TO>")
+	println("Both arguments are of either following format:")
+	println("    gridfs - use GridFS (database connection indicated by config.json)")
+	println("    config - storage indicated in config file")
+	println("    file:<relative-path> - use flat-file storage")
+	exitProcess(-1)
+}
+
+private fun String.parseStorage(): FileStorageConfig {
+	val configuration = Configuration.Current
+	
+	return if (this == "config")
+		configuration.storage
+	else if (this == "gridfs")
+		FileStorageConfig.GridFs
+	else if (startsWith("file:"))
+		FileStorageConfig.Flat(removePrefix("file:"))
+	else {
+		println("Invalid format for argument value $this")
+		printUsage()
+	}
+}
+
+private suspend fun migrateFile(path: StoragePath, from: FileStorage, into: FileStorage): List<String> {
+	val bytes = from.readFile(path) ?: return listOf("[Source Error] File does not exist at /$path")
+	if (!into.writeFile(path, bytes))
+		return listOf("[Target Error] File at /$path cannot be written to")
+	
+	return emptyList()
+}
+
+private suspend fun migrateDir(path: StoragePath, from: FileStorage, into: FileStorage): List<String> {
+	if (!into.createDir(path))
+		return listOf("[Target Error] Directory at /$path cannot be created")
+	
+	return coroutineScope {
+		from.listDir(path).map { entry ->
+			async {
+				val entryPath = path / entry.name
+				when (entry.type) {
+					StoredFileType.FILE -> migrateFile(entryPath, from, into)
+					StoredFileType.DIRECTORY -> migrateDir(entryPath, from, into)
+				}
+			}
+		}.toList().awaitAll().flatten()
+	}
+}
+
+private suspend fun migrateRoot(from: FileStorage, into: FileStorage): List<String> {
+	return coroutineScope {
+		from.listDir(StoragePath.Root).map { entry ->
+			async {
+				val entryPath = StoragePath.Root / entry.name
+				when (entry.type) {
+					StoredFileType.FILE -> migrateFile(entryPath, from, into)
+					StoredFileType.DIRECTORY -> migrateDir(entryPath, from, into)
+				}
+			}
+		}.toList().awaitAll().flatten()
+	}
+}
+
+fun main(args: Array<String>) {
+	if (args.size != 2) {
+		println("Invalid number of arguments ${args.size}, expected 2")
+		printUsage()
+	}
+	
+	val (from, into) = args.map { it.parseStorage() }
+	if (from == into) {
+		println("Cannot migrate storage to itself")
+		printUsage()
+	}
+	
+	val errors = runBlocking {
+		System.setProperty("logback.statusListenerClass", "ch.qos.logback.core.status.NopStatusListener")
+		
+		ConnectionHolder.initialize(Configuration.Current.dbConn, Configuration.Current.dbName)
+		
+		val fromStorage = FileStorage(from)
+		val intoStorage = FileStorage(into)
+		
+		migrateRoot(fromStorage, intoStorage)
+	}
+	
+	if (errors.isEmpty())
+		println("Successful migration! No errors encountered!")
+	else {
+		println("Migration encountered ${errors.size} ${errors.size.pluralize("error")}")
+		for (error in errors)
+			println(error)
+	}
+}
diff --git a/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/data/bson.kt b/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/data/bson.kt
index 8eca341..a39c7dc 100644
--- a/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/data/bson.kt
+++ b/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/data/bson.kt
@@ -4,16 +4,13 @@ package info.mechyrdia.data
 
 import kotlinx.serialization.ExperimentalSerializationApi
 import kotlinx.serialization.KSerializer
-import kotlinx.serialization.Serializable
 import kotlinx.serialization.SerializationException
-import kotlinx.serialization.builtins.ListSerializer
 import kotlinx.serialization.descriptors.PrimitiveKind
 import kotlinx.serialization.descriptors.PrimitiveSerialDescriptor
 import kotlinx.serialization.descriptors.SerialDescriptor
 import kotlinx.serialization.encoding.Decoder
 import kotlinx.serialization.encoding.Encoder
 import org.bson.BsonDateTime
-import org.bson.BsonNull
 import org.bson.BsonReader
 import org.bson.BsonWriter
 import org.bson.codecs.Codec
@@ -23,7 +20,6 @@ import org.bson.codecs.configuration.CodecProvider
 import org.bson.codecs.configuration.CodecRegistry
 import org.bson.codecs.kotlinx.BsonDecoder
 import org.bson.codecs.kotlinx.BsonEncoder
-import org.bson.types.ObjectId
 import java.time.Instant
 
 object IdCodec : Codec<Id<*>> {
@@ -49,23 +45,6 @@ object IdCodecProvider : CodecProvider {
 	}
 }
 
-@Serializable
-data class MongoDbMapEntry<K, V>(val key: K, val value: V)
-
-class MongoDbMapSerializer<K, V>(val keySerializer: KSerializer<K>, val valueSerializer: KSerializer<V>) : KSerializer<Map<K, V>> {
-	private val innerSerializer = ListSerializer(MongoDbMapEntry.serializer(keySerializer, valueSerializer))
-	
-	override val descriptor: SerialDescriptor = innerSerializer.descriptor
-	
-	override fun serialize(encoder: Encoder, value: Map<K, V>) {
-		innerSerializer.serialize(encoder, value.map { MongoDbMapEntry(it.key, it.value) })
-	}
-	
-	override fun deserialize(decoder: Decoder): Map<K, V> {
-		return innerSerializer.deserialize(decoder).associate { it.key to it.value }
-	}
-}
-
 object InstantSerializer : KSerializer<Instant> {
 	override val descriptor: SerialDescriptor = PrimitiveSerialDescriptor("InstantSerializer", PrimitiveKind.LONG)
 	
@@ -83,69 +62,3 @@ object InstantSerializer : KSerializer<Instant> {
 		return Instant.ofEpochMilli(decoder.decodeBsonValue().asDateTime().value)
 	}
 }
-
-object InstantNullableSerializer : KSerializer<Instant?> {
-	override val descriptor: SerialDescriptor = PrimitiveSerialDescriptor("InstantSerializer", PrimitiveKind.LONG)
-	
-	override fun serialize(encoder: Encoder, value: Instant?) {
-		if (encoder !is BsonEncoder)
-			throw SerializationException("Instant is not supported by ${encoder::class}")
-		
-		if (value == null)
-			encoder.encodeBsonValue(BsonNull.VALUE)
-		else
-			encoder.encodeBsonValue(BsonDateTime(value.toEpochMilli()))
-	}
-	
-	override fun deserialize(decoder: Decoder): Instant? {
-		if (decoder !is BsonDecoder)
-			throw SerializationException("Instant is not supported by ${decoder::class}")
-		
-		return if (decoder.decodeNotNullMark())
-			Instant.ofEpochMilli(decoder.decodeBsonValue().asDateTime().value)
-		else
-			decoder.decodeNull()
-	}
-}
-
-object ObjectIdSerializer : KSerializer<ObjectId> {
-	override val descriptor: SerialDescriptor = PrimitiveSerialDescriptor("ObjectIdSerializer", PrimitiveKind.STRING)
-	
-	override fun serialize(encoder: Encoder, value: ObjectId) {
-		if (encoder !is BsonEncoder)
-			throw SerializationException("ObjectId is not supported by ${encoder::class}")
-		
-		encoder.encodeObjectId(value)
-	}
-	
-	override fun deserialize(decoder: Decoder): ObjectId {
-		if (decoder !is BsonDecoder)
-			throw SerializationException("ObjectId is not supported by ${decoder::class}")
-		
-		return decoder.decodeObjectId()
-	}
-}
-
-object ObjectIdNullableSerializer : KSerializer<ObjectId?> {
-	override val descriptor: SerialDescriptor = PrimitiveSerialDescriptor("ObjectIdSerializer", PrimitiveKind.STRING)
-	
-	override fun serialize(encoder: Encoder, value: ObjectId?) {
-		if (encoder !is BsonEncoder)
-			throw SerializationException("ObjectId is not supported by ${encoder::class}")
-		
-		if (value == null)
-			encoder.encodeBsonValue(BsonNull.VALUE)
-		else
-			encoder.encodeObjectId(value)
-	}
-	
-	override fun deserialize(decoder: Decoder): ObjectId? {
-		if (decoder !is BsonDecoder)
-			throw SerializationException("ObjectId is not supported by ${decoder::class}")
-		
-		return if (decoder.decodeNotNullMark())
-			decoder.decodeObjectId()
-		else
-			decoder.decodeNull()
-	}
-}
diff --git a/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/data/comments.kt b/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/data/comments.kt
index f97817a..c7311e4 100644
--- a/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/data/comments.kt
+++ b/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/data/comments.kt
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import com.mongodb.client.model.Filters
 import com.mongodb.client.model.Sorts
 import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.Flow
 import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.toList
+import kotlinx.serialization.Contextual
 import kotlinx.serialization.SerialName
 import kotlinx.serialization.Serializable
 import java.time.Instant
@@ -15,10 +16,10 @@ data class Comment(
 	
 	val submittedBy: Id<NationData>,
 	val submittedIn: String,
-	val submittedAt: @Serializable(with = InstantSerializer::class) Instant,
+	val submittedAt: @Contextual Instant,
 	
 	val numEdits: Int,
-	val lastEdit: @Serializable(with = InstantNullableSerializer::class) Instant?,
+	val lastEdit: @Contextual Instant?,
 	
 	val contents: String
 ) : DataDocument<Comment> {
@@ -30,8 +31,8 @@ data class Comment(
 			Table.index(Comment::submittedIn, Comment::submittedAt)
 		}
 		
-		suspend fun getCommentsIn(page: String): Flow<Comment> {
-			return Table.select(Filters.eq(Comment::submittedIn.serialName, page), Sorts.descending(Comment::submittedAt.serialName))
+		suspend fun getCommentsIn(page: List<String>): Flow<Comment> {
+			return Table.select(Filters.eq(Comment::submittedIn.serialName, page.joinToString(separator = "/")), Sorts.descending(Comment::submittedAt.serialName))
 		}
 		
 		suspend fun getCommentsBy(user: Id<NationData>): Flow<Comment> {
@@ -48,7 +49,7 @@ data class CommentReplyLink(
 	val originalPost: Id<Comment>,
 	val replyingPost: Id<Comment>,
 	
-	val repliedAt: @Serializable(with = InstantSerializer::class) Instant = Instant.now(),
+	val repliedAt: @Contextual Instant = Instant.now(),
 ) : DataDocument<CommentReplyLink> {
 	companion object : TableHolder<CommentReplyLink> {
 		override val Table = DocumentTable<CommentReplyLink>()
diff --git a/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/data/data.kt b/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/data/data.kt
index bccfe32..1231488 100644
--- a/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/data/data.kt
+++ b/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/data/data.kt
@@ -3,8 +3,13 @@ package info.mechyrdia.data
 import com.aventrix.jnanoid.jnanoid.NanoIdUtils
 import com.mongodb.ConnectionString
 import com.mongodb.MongoClientSettings
+import com.mongodb.MongoDriverInformation
 import com.mongodb.client.model.*
 import com.mongodb.kotlin.client.coroutine.MongoClient
+import com.mongodb.kotlin.client.coroutine.MongoDatabase
+import com.mongodb.reactivestreams.client.MongoClients
+import com.mongodb.reactivestreams.client.gridfs.GridFSBucket
+import com.mongodb.reactivestreams.client.gridfs.GridFSBuckets
 import info.mechyrdia.auth.SessionStorageDoc
 import kotlinx.coroutines.CompletableDeferred
 import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.Flow
@@ -19,12 +24,16 @@ import kotlinx.serialization.descriptors.PrimitiveSerialDescriptor
 import kotlinx.serialization.descriptors.SerialDescriptor
 import kotlinx.serialization.encoding.Decoder
 import kotlinx.serialization.encoding.Encoder
+import kotlinx.serialization.modules.SerializersModule
 import org.bson.codecs.configuration.CodecRegistries
 import org.bson.codecs.kotlinx.KotlinSerializerCodecProvider
 import org.bson.conversions.Bson
 import java.security.SecureRandom
+import java.time.Instant
 import kotlin.reflect.KClass
 import kotlin.reflect.KProperty1
+import com.mongodb.reactivestreams.client.MongoClient as JMongoClient
+import com.mongodb.reactivestreams.client.MongoDatabase as JMongoDatabase
 
 @Serializable(IdSerializer::class)
 @JvmInline
@@ -53,31 +62,37 @@ object IdSerializer : KSerializer<Id<*>> {
 }
 
 object ConnectionHolder {
-	private lateinit var databaseName: String
+	private val jDatabaseDeferred = CompletableDeferred<JMongoDatabase>()
 	
-	private val clientDeferred = CompletableDeferred<MongoClient>()
+	suspend fun getDatabase() = MongoDatabase(jDatabaseDeferred.await())
 	
-	suspend fun getDatabase() = clientDeferred.await().getDatabase(databaseName)
+	suspend fun getBucket(): GridFSBucket = GridFSBuckets.create(jDatabaseDeferred.await())
+	
+	private val bsonSerializersModule = SerializersModule {
+		contextual(Instant::class, InstantSerializer)
+	}
 	
 	fun initialize(conn: String, db: String) {
-		if (clientDeferred.isCompleted)
+		if (jDatabaseDeferred.isCompleted)
 			error("Cannot initialize database twice")
 		
-		MongoClient.create(
-			MongoClientSettings.builder()
-				.codecRegistry(
-					CodecRegistries.fromProviders(
-						IdCodecProvider,
-						KotlinSerializerCodecProvider()
+		jDatabaseDeferred.complete(
+			MongoClients.create(
+				MongoClientSettings.builder()
+					.codecRegistry(
+						CodecRegistries.fromProviders(
+							IdCodecProvider,
+							KotlinSerializerCodecProvider(bsonSerializersModule)
+						)
 					)
-				)
-				.applyConnectionString(ConnectionString(conn))
-				.build()
+					.applyConnectionString(ConnectionString(conn))
+					.build(),
+				MongoDriverInformation.builder()
+					.driverName("kotlin")
+					.build()
+			).getDatabase(db)
 		)
 		
-		databaseName = db
-		clientDeferred.complete(MongoClient.create(conn))
-		
 		runBlocking {
 			for (holder in TableHolder.entries)
 				launch {
diff --git a/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/data/data_files.kt b/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/data/data_files.kt
index c0eb09e..c6dfb30 100644
--- a/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/data/data_files.kt
+++ b/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/data/data_files.kt
@@ -3,6 +3,13 @@ package info.mechyrdia.data
 import com.mongodb.client.model.Filters
 import com.mongodb.client.model.Updates
 import com.mongodb.reactivestreams.client.gridfs.GridFSBucket
+import info.mechyrdia.Configuration
+import info.mechyrdia.FileStorageConfig
+import info.mechyrdia.lore.StoragePathAttributeKey
+import io.github.reactivecircus.cache4k.Cache
+import io.ktor.http.*
+import io.ktor.server.application.*
+import io.ktor.server.response.*
 import io.ktor.util.*
 import io.ktor.util.cio.*
 import io.ktor.utils.io.*
@@ -11,20 +18,64 @@ import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.*
 import kotlinx.coroutines.reactive.asFlow
 import kotlinx.coroutines.reactive.asPublisher
 import kotlinx.coroutines.reactive.awaitFirst
+import kotlinx.serialization.Contextual
 import kotlinx.serialization.SerialName
 import kotlinx.serialization.Serializable
 import org.bson.types.ObjectId
+import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream
 import java.io.File
+import java.nio.ByteBuffer
 import java.time.Instant
 import kotlin.String
 
+suspend fun ApplicationCall.respondStoredFile(fileStorage: FileStorage, path: StoragePath) {
+	val stat = fileStorage.statFile(path) ?: return respond(HttpStatusCode.NotFound)
+	
+	attributes.put(StoragePathAttributeKey, path)
+	val type = ContentType.defaultForFileExtension(path.elements.last().substringAfterLast('.'))
+	respondBytesWriter(contentType = type, contentLength = stat.size) {
+		fileStorage.readFile(path, this)
+	}
+}
+
+suspend fun ApplicationCall.respondStoredFile(path: StoragePath) {
+	return respondStoredFile(FileStorage.instance, path)
+}
+
 @JvmInline
 value class StoragePath(val elements: List<String>) {
+	init {
+		for ((i, element) in elements.withIndex())
+			require(element.any { it != '.' }) {
+				"Cannot have elements . or .. in path, got $element at index $i in path /${elements.joinToString(separator = "/")}"
+			}
+	}
+	
 	constructor(path: String) : this(path.split('/').filterNot(String::isEmpty))
 	
+	val name: String
+		get() = elements.lastOrNull().orEmpty()
+	
+	val isRoot: Boolean
+		get() = elements.isEmpty()
+	
+	operator fun div(element: String) = this / element.split('/')
+	operator fun div(elementCollection: Iterable<String>) = StoragePath(elements + elementCollection.filterNot(String::isEmpty))
+	
 	override fun toString(): String {
 		return elements.joinToString(separator = "/")
 	}
+	
+	companion object {
+		val Root = StoragePath(emptyList())
+		
+		val articleDir = Root / "lore"
+		val assetDir = Root / "assets"
+		val templateDir = Root / "tpl"
+		val jsonDocDir = Root / "data"
+		val scriptDir = Root / "funcs"
+		val april1Dir = Root / "funny"
+	}
 }
 
 enum class StoredFileType {
@@ -34,28 +85,66 @@ enum class StoredFileType {
 
 data class StoredFileEntry(val name: String, val type: StoredFileType)
 
+data class StoredFileStats(
+	val updated: Instant,
+	val size: Long,
+)
+
 interface FileStorage {
 	suspend fun prepare() = Unit
 	
+	suspend fun getType(path: StoragePath): StoredFileType?
+	
 	suspend fun createDir(dir: StoragePath): Boolean
 	
 	suspend fun listDir(dir: StoragePath): Flow<StoredFileEntry>
 	
 	suspend fun deleteDir(dir: StoragePath): Boolean
 	
+	suspend fun statFile(path: StoragePath): StoredFileStats?
+	
 	suspend fun writeFile(path: StoragePath, content: ByteReadChannel): Boolean
 	
+	suspend fun writeFile(path: StoragePath, content: ByteArray): Boolean
+	
 	suspend fun readFile(path: StoragePath, content: ByteWriteChannel): Boolean
 	
+	suspend fun readFile(path: StoragePath): ByteArray?
+	
 	suspend fun copyFile(source: StoragePath, target: StoragePath): Boolean
 	
 	suspend fun eraseFile(path: StoragePath): Boolean
 	
 	suspend fun performMaintenance() = Unit
+	
+	companion object {
+		lateinit var instance: FileStorage
+			private set
+		
+		suspend operator fun invoke(config: FileStorageConfig) = when (config) {
+			is FileStorageConfig.Flat -> FlatFileStorage(File(config.baseDir))
+			FileStorageConfig.GridFs -> GridFsStorage(
+				DocumentTable(),
+				ConnectionHolder.getBucket()
+			)
+		}.apply { prepare() }
+		
+		private suspend fun configure() {
+			instance = when (val storage = Configuration.Current.storage) {
+				is FileStorageConfig.Flat -> FlatFileStorage(File(storage.baseDir))
+				FileStorageConfig.GridFs -> GridFsStorage(
+					DocumentTable(),
+					ConnectionHolder.getBucket()
+				)
+			}.apply { prepare() }
+		}
+		
+		fun initialize() = runBlocking { configure() }
+	}
 }
 
-class FlatFileStorage(val root: File) : FileStorage {
-	private fun resolveFile(path: StoragePath) = root.combineSafe(path.toString())
+private class FlatFileStorage(val root: File) : FileStorage {
+	private fun resolveFile(path: StoragePath) = if (path.isRoot) root else root.combineSafe(path.toString())
 	
 	private fun renderEntry(file: File) = StoredFileEntry(file.name, if (file.isFile) StoredFileType.FILE else StoredFileType.DIRECTORY)
 	
@@ -71,18 +160,39 @@ class FlatFileStorage(val root: File) : FileStorage {
 		return true
 	}
 	
+	private fun createFile(file: File): Boolean {
+		if (!file.exists()) {
+			val containingDir = file.parentFile
+			if (!containingDir.isDirectory)
+				if (!createDir(containingDir)) return false
+		}
+		
+		return true
+	}
+	
 	override suspend fun prepare() {
 		withContext(Dispatchers.IO) {
+			if (root.exists() && !root.isDirectory)
+				root.delete()
 			root.mkdirs()
 		}
 	}
 	
+	override suspend fun getType(path: StoragePath): StoredFileType? {
+		val file = resolveFile(path)
+		return if (file.isFile)
+			StoredFileType.FILE
+		else if (file.isDirectory)
+			StoredFileType.DIRECTORY
+		else null
+	}
+	
 	override suspend fun createDir(dir: StoragePath): Boolean {
 		return withContext(Dispatchers.IO) { createDir(resolveFile(dir)) }
 	}
 	
 	override suspend fun listDir(dir: StoragePath): Flow<StoredFileEntry> {
-		return withContext(Dispatchers.IO) { resolveFile(dir).listFiles()?.map { renderEntry(it) }.orEmpty().asFlow() }
+		return withContext(Dispatchers.IO) { resolveFile(dir).listFiles()?.map { renderEntry(it) }.orEmpty() }.asFlow()
 	}
 	
 	override suspend fun deleteDir(dir: StoragePath): Boolean {
@@ -91,39 +201,61 @@ class FlatFileStorage(val root: File) : FileStorage {
 		return withContext(Dispatchers.IO) { file.deleteRecursively() }
 	}
 	
+	override suspend fun statFile(path: StoragePath): StoredFileStats? {
+		val file = resolveFile(path)
+		if (!file.isFile) return null
+		
+		return StoredFileStats(Instant.ofEpochMilli(file.lastModified()), file.length())
+	}
+	
 	override suspend fun writeFile(path: StoragePath, content: ByteReadChannel): Boolean {
 		val file = resolveFile(path)
-		if (!file.exists())
-			if (!file.parentFile.isDirectory)
-				return false
 		
-		withContext(Dispatchers.IO) {
-			file.writeChannel().use { content.copyTo(this) }
+		return withContext(Dispatchers.IO) {
+			if (createFile(file)) {
+				file.writeChannel().use { content.copyTo(this) }
+				true
+			} else false
 		}
+	}
+	
+	override suspend fun writeFile(path: StoragePath, content: ByteArray): Boolean {
+		val file = resolveFile(path)
 		
-		return true
+		return withContext(Dispatchers.IO) {
+			if (createFile(file)) {
+				file.writeBytes(content)
+				true
+			} else false
+		}
 	}
 	
 	override suspend fun readFile(path: StoragePath, content: ByteWriteChannel): Boolean {
 		val file = resolveFile(path)
 		if (!file.isFile) return false
 		
-		withContext(Dispatchers.IO) {
-			file.readChannel().copyTo(content)
-		}
+		file.readChannel().copyTo(content)
 		
 		return true
 	}
 	
+	override suspend fun readFile(path: StoragePath): ByteArray? {
+		val file = resolveFile(path)
+		if (!file.isFile) return null
+		
+		return withContext(Dispatchers.IO) {
+			file.readBytes()
+		}
+	}
+	
 	override suspend fun copyFile(source: StoragePath, target: StoragePath): Boolean {
 		val sourceFile = resolveFile(source)
 		val targetFile = resolveFile(target)
 		
 		if (!sourceFile.isFile) return false
-		if (targetFile.exists()) return false
 		
 		withContext(Dispatchers.IO) {
-			sourceFile.copyTo(targetFile)
+			sourceFile.copyTo(targetFile, overwrite = true)
 		}
 		
 		return true
@@ -141,9 +273,9 @@ private data class GridFsEntry(
 	@SerialName(MONGODB_ID_KEY)
 	override val id: Id<GridFsEntry>,
 	val path: String,
-	val file: @Serializable(with = ObjectIdSerializer::class) ObjectId,
-	val created: @Serializable(with = InstantSerializer::class) Instant,
-	val updated: @Serializable(with = InstantSerializer::class) Instant,
+	val file: @Contextual ObjectId,
+	val created: @Contextual Instant,
+	val updated: @Contextual Instant,
 ) : DataDocument<GridFsEntry>
 
 private class GridFsStorage(val table: DocumentTable<GridFsEntry>, val bucket: GridFSBucket) : FileStorage {
@@ -165,13 +297,21 @@ private class GridFsStorage(val table: DocumentTable<GridFsEntry>, val bucket: G
 	private suspend fun getPrefix(path: String) = table.filter(Filters.regex(GridFsEntry::path.serialName, "^${Regex.fromLiteral(path)}"))
 	private suspend fun deletePrefix(path: String) = table.remove(Filters.regex(GridFsEntry::path.serialName, "^${Regex.fromLiteral(path)}"))
 	
-	private fun toExactPath(path: StoragePath) = "/$path"
-	private fun toPrefixPath(path: StoragePath) = "/$path/"
+	private fun toExactPath(path: StoragePath) = path.elements.joinToString(separator = "") { "/$it" }
+	private fun toPrefixPath(path: StoragePath) = "${toExactPath(path)}/"
 	
 	override suspend fun prepare() {
 		table.unique(GridFsEntry::path)
 	}
 	
+	override suspend fun getType(path: StoragePath): StoredFileType? {
+		return if (getExact(toExactPath(path)) != null)
+			StoredFileType.FILE
+		else if (getPrefix(toPrefixPath(path)).count() > 0)
+			StoredFileType.DIRECTORY
+		else null
+	}
+	
 	override suspend fun createDir(dir: StoragePath): Boolean {
 		return coroutineScope {
 			dir.elements.indices.map { index ->
@@ -198,7 +338,15 @@ private class GridFsStorage(val table: DocumentTable<GridFsEntry>, val bucket: G
 		return true
 	}
 	
+	override suspend fun statFile(path: StoragePath): StoredFileStats? {
+		if (path.isRoot) return null
+		val file = getExact(toExactPath(path)) ?: return null
+		val gridFsFile = bucket.find(Filters.eq(MONGODB_ID_KEY, file.file)).awaitFirst()
+		return StoredFileStats(file.updated, gridFsFile.length)
+	}
+	
 	override suspend fun writeFile(path: StoragePath, content: ByteReadChannel): Boolean {
+		if (path.isRoot) return false
 		if (getPrefix(toPrefixPath(path)).count() > 0) return false
 		
 		val bytesPublisher = flow {
@@ -213,7 +361,21 @@ private class GridFsStorage(val table: DocumentTable<GridFsEntry>, val bucket: G
 		return true
 	}
 	
+	override suspend fun writeFile(path: StoragePath, content: ByteArray): Boolean {
+		if (path.isRoot) return false
+		if (getPrefix(toPrefixPath(path)).count() > 0) return false
+		
+		val bytesPublisher = flow {
+			emit(ByteBuffer.wrap(content))
+		}.asPublisher(CoroutineName("grid-fs-writer") + Dispatchers.IO)
+		
+		val newId = bucket.uploadFromPublisher(path.elements.last(), bytesPublisher).awaitFirst()
+		updateExact(toExactPath(path), newId)
+		return true
+	}
+	
 	override suspend fun readFile(path: StoragePath, content: ByteWriteChannel): Boolean {
+		if (path.isRoot) return false
 		val file = getExact(toExactPath(path)) ?: return false
 		val gridFsId = file.file
 		
@@ -224,13 +386,28 @@ private class GridFsStorage(val table: DocumentTable<GridFsEntry>, val bucket: G
 		return true
 	}
 	
+	override suspend fun readFile(path: StoragePath): ByteArray? {
+		if (path.isRoot) return null
+		val file = getExact(toExactPath(path)) ?: return null
+		val gridFsId = file.file
+		
+		return ByteArrayOutputStream().also { content ->
+			bucket.downloadToPublisher(gridFsId).asFlow().collect { buffer ->
+				val array = buffer.slice().moveToByteArray()
+				withContext(Dispatchers.IO) { content.write(array) }
+			}
+		}.toByteArray()
+	}
+	
 	override suspend fun copyFile(source: StoragePath, target: StoragePath): Boolean {
+		if (source.isRoot || target.isRoot) return false
 		val sourceFile = getExact(toExactPath(source)) ?: return false
 		updateExact(toExactPath(target), sourceFile.file)
 		return true
 	}
 	
 	override suspend fun eraseFile(path: StoragePath): Boolean {
+		if (path.isRoot) return false
 		val file = getExact(toExactPath(path)) ?: return false
 		bucket.delete(file.file).awaitFirst()
 		table.del(file.id)
diff --git a/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/data/view_comments.kt b/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/data/view_comments.kt
index 9137260..3c86b79 100644
--- a/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/data/view_comments.kt
+++ b/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/data/view_comments.kt
@@ -31,10 +31,10 @@ data class CommentRenderData(
 		suspend operator fun invoke(comments: List<Comment>, nations: MutableMap<Id<NationData>, NationData> = mutableMapOf()): List<CommentRenderData> {
 			return coroutineScope {
 				comments.map { comment ->
-					val nationData = nations.getNation(comment.submittedBy)
-					val htmlResult = comment.contents.parseAs(ParserTree::toCommentHtml)
-					
 					async {
+						val nationData = nations.getNation(comment.submittedBy)
+						val htmlResult = comment.contents.parseAs(ParserTree::toCommentHtml)
+						
 						CommentRenderData(
 							id = comment.id,
 							submittedBy = nationData,
diff --git a/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/data/visits.kt b/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/data/visits.kt
index 2f1fa10..a02f6f7 100644
--- a/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/data/visits.kt
+++ b/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/data/visits.kt
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.firstOrNull
 import kotlinx.html.FlowContent
 import kotlinx.html.p
 import kotlinx.html.style
+import kotlinx.serialization.Contextual
 import kotlinx.serialization.SerialName
 import kotlinx.serialization.Serializable
 import org.intellij.lang.annotations.Language
@@ -24,7 +25,7 @@ import java.time.Instant
 data class PageVisitTotals(
 	val total: Int,
 	val totalUnique: Int,
-	val mostRecent: @Serializable(with = InstantNullableSerializer::class) Instant?
+	val mostRecent: @Contextual Instant?
 )
 
 @Serializable
@@ -35,7 +36,7 @@ data class PageVisitData(
 	val path: String,
 	val visitor: String,
 	val visits: Int = 0,
-	val lastVisit: @Serializable(with = InstantSerializer::class) Instant = Instant.now()
+	val lastVisit: @Contextual Instant = Instant.now()
 ) : DataDocument<PageVisitData> {
 	companion object : TableHolder<PageVisitData> {
 		override val Table = DocumentTable<PageVisitData>()
diff --git a/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/april_1st.kt b/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/april_1st.kt
index 21e03b8..d2db934 100644
--- a/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/april_1st.kt
+++ b/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/april_1st.kt
@@ -1,9 +1,8 @@
 package info.mechyrdia.lore
 
-import info.mechyrdia.Configuration
+import info.mechyrdia.data.FileStorage
+import info.mechyrdia.data.StoragePath
 import io.ktor.server.application.*
-import io.ktor.util.*
-import java.io.File
 import java.time.Instant
 import java.time.Month
 import java.time.ZoneId
@@ -16,20 +15,19 @@ fun isApril1st(time: Instant = Instant.now()): Boolean {
 }
 
 context(ApplicationCall)
-fun redirectFileOnApril1st(requestedFile: File): File? {
+suspend fun redirectFileOnApril1st(requestedFile: StoragePath): StoragePath? {
 	if (!april1stMode.isEnabled) return null
 	
-	val rootDir = File(Configuration.CurrentConfiguration.rootDir)
-	val requestedPath = requestedFile.absoluteFile.toRelativeString(rootDir.absoluteFile)
-	val funnyFile = File(Configuration.CurrentConfiguration.april1Dir).combineSafe(requestedPath)
-	return funnyFile.takeIf { it.exists() }
+	val path = StoragePath.april1Dir / requestedFile.elements
+	if (FileStorage.instance.statFile(path) == null) return null
+	return path
 }
 
 context(ApplicationCall)
-fun getAssetFile(requestedFile: File): File {
+suspend fun getAssetFile(requestedFile: StoragePath): StoragePath {
 	return redirectFileOnApril1st(requestedFile) ?: requestedFile
 }
 
-suspend fun ApplicationCall.respondAsset(assetFile: File) {
+suspend fun ApplicationCall.respondAsset(assetFile: StoragePath) {
 	respondCompressedFile(getAssetFile(assetFile))
 }
diff --git a/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/article_listing.kt b/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/article_listing.kt
index 7fdca1c..9a73e18 100644
--- a/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/article_listing.kt
+++ b/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/article_listing.kt
@@ -1,37 +1,43 @@
 package info.mechyrdia.lore
 
 import info.mechyrdia.Configuration
+import info.mechyrdia.data.FileStorage
+import info.mechyrdia.data.StoragePath
 import info.mechyrdia.route.Root
 import info.mechyrdia.route.href
 import io.ktor.server.application.*
+import kotlinx.coroutines.async
+import kotlinx.coroutines.awaitAll
+import kotlinx.coroutines.coroutineScope
+import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.map
+import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.toList
 import kotlinx.html.UL
 import kotlinx.html.a
 import kotlinx.html.li
 import kotlinx.html.ul
-import java.io.File
 
 data class ArticleNode(val name: String, val subNodes: List<ArticleNode>)
 
-fun rootArticleNodeList(): List<ArticleNode> = File(Configuration.CurrentConfiguration.articleDir)
-	.toArticleNode()
-	.subNodes
+suspend fun rootArticleNodeList(): List<ArticleNode> = StoragePath.articleDir.toArticleNode().subNodes
 
-fun File.toArticleNode(): ArticleNode = ArticleNode(
+suspend fun StoragePath.toArticleNode(): ArticleNode = ArticleNode(
 	name,
-	listFiles()
-		.orEmpty()
-		.map { it.toArticleNode() }
-		.sortedBy { it.name }
-		.sortedBy { it.subNodes.isEmpty() }
+	coroutineScope {
+		val path = this@toArticleNode
+		FileStorage.instance.listDir(path).map {
+			val subPath = path / it.name
+			async { subPath.toArticleNode() }
+		}.toList().awaitAll()
+	}
 )
 
 private val String.isViewable: Boolean
-	get() = Configuration.CurrentConfiguration.isDevMode || !(endsWith(".wip") || endsWith(".old"))
+	get() = Configuration.Current.isDevMode || !(endsWith(".wip") || endsWith(".old"))
 
 val ArticleNode.isViewable: Boolean
 	get() = name.isViewable
 
-val File.isViewable: Boolean
+val StoragePath.isViewable: Boolean
 	get() = name.isViewable
 
 context(ApplicationCall)
diff --git a/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/asset_caching.kt b/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/asset_caching.kt
index e7ef829..70132d2 100644
--- a/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/asset_caching.kt
+++ b/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/asset_caching.kt
@@ -1,37 +1,58 @@
 package info.mechyrdia.lore
 
-import java.io.File
-import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap
+import info.mechyrdia.data.FileStorage
+import info.mechyrdia.data.StoragePath
+import io.github.reactivecircus.cache4k.Cache
+import io.ktor.util.*
+import kotlinx.coroutines.async
+import kotlinx.coroutines.coroutineScope
+import java.time.Instant
+import kotlin.time.Duration.Companion.hours
 
-abstract class FileDependentCache<T> {
-	private val cache = ConcurrentHashMap<File, Entry>()
-	
-	protected abstract fun processFile(file: File): T
-	
-	operator fun get(file: File): T {
-		return cache.compute(file) { _, prevEntry ->
-			prevEntry?.apply {
-				updateIfNeeded(file)
-			} ?: Entry(file)
-		}!!.cachedData
-	}
-	
-	private inner class Entry private constructor(lastModified: Long, cachedData: T) {
-		constructor(file: File) : this(file.lastModified(), processFile(file))
-		
-		var lastModified: Long = lastModified
+val StoragePathAttributeKey = AttributeKey<StoragePath>("Mechyrdia.StoragePath")
+
+abstract class FileDependentCache<T : Any> {
+	private inner class Entry(updated: Instant, data: T) {
+		var updated: Instant = updated
 			private set
 		
-		var cachedData: T = cachedData
+		var data: T = data
 			private set
 		
-		fun updateIfNeeded(file: File) {
-			val fileLastModified = file.lastModified()
-			if (lastModified < fileLastModified) {
-				lastModified = fileLastModified
-				
-				cachedData = processFile(file)
+		suspend fun updateIfNeeded(path: StoragePath): Entry? {
+			val fileUpdated = FileStorage.instance.statFile(path)?.updated ?: return null
+			if (updated < fileUpdated) {
+				updated = fileUpdated
+				data = processFile(path) ?: return null
 			}
+			
+			return this
+		}
+	}
+	
+	private suspend fun Entry(path: StoragePath): Entry? {
+		val (updated, data) = coroutineScope {
+			val updated = async { FileStorage.instance.statFile(path)?.updated }
+			val data = async { processFile(path) }
+			updated.await() to data.await()
 		}
+		
+		if (updated == null || data == null) return null
+		return Entry(updated, data)
+	}
+	
+	private val cache = Cache.Builder<StoragePath, Entry>()
+		.maximumCacheSize(160)
+		.expireAfterAccess(36.hours)
+		.build()
+	
+	protected abstract suspend fun processFile(path: StoragePath): T?
+	
+	suspend fun get(path: StoragePath): T? {
+		return cache.processAtomic(path) { prev ->
+			if (prev == null)
+				Entry(path)
+			else prev.updateIfNeeded(path)
+		}?.data
 	}
 }
diff --git a/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/asset_compression.kt b/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/asset_compression.kt
index 4dc5d12..030ce60 100644
--- a/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/asset_compression.kt
+++ b/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/asset_compression.kt
@@ -1,21 +1,20 @@
 package info.mechyrdia.lore
 
+import info.mechyrdia.data.FileStorage
+import info.mechyrdia.data.StoragePath
+import info.mechyrdia.data.respondStoredFile
 import io.ktor.http.*
 import io.ktor.server.application.*
 import io.ktor.server.request.*
 import io.ktor.server.response.*
-import io.ktor.util.*
 import kotlinx.coroutines.Dispatchers
-import kotlinx.coroutines.runInterruptible
+import kotlinx.coroutines.withContext
 import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream
-import java.io.File
 import java.io.FilterOutputStream
 import java.io.OutputStream
 import java.util.zip.DeflaterOutputStream
 import java.util.zip.GZIPOutputStream
 
-val CompressedFileAttributeKey = AttributeKey<File>("Mechyrdia.CompressedFile")
-
 private val gzippedCache = CompressedCache("gzip", ::GZIPOutputStream)
 private val deflatedCache = CompressedCache("deflate", ::DeflaterOutputStream)
 
@@ -32,21 +31,25 @@ private fun ApplicationCall.compressedCache(): CompressedCache? {
 		?.first
 }
 
-suspend fun ApplicationCall.respondCompressedFile(file: File) {
-	val cache = compressedCache() ?: return respondFile(file)
+suspend fun ApplicationCall.respondCompressedFile(path: StoragePath) {
+	val cache = compressedCache() ?: return respondStoredFile(path)
+	val compressedBytes = cache.get(path) ?: return respond(HttpStatusCode.NotFound)
+	attributes.put(StoragePathAttributeKey, path)
 	response.header(HttpHeaders.ContentEncoding, cache.encoding)
-	attributes.put(CompressedFileAttributeKey, file)
-	val compressedBytes = runInterruptible(Dispatchers.IO) { cache[file] }
 	respondBytes(compressedBytes)
 }
 
 private class CompressedCache(val encoding: String, private val compressorFactory: (OutputStream, Boolean) -> FilterOutputStream) : FileDependentCache<ByteArray>() {
-	override fun processFile(file: File): ByteArray {
-		return ByteArrayOutputStream().also { oStream ->
-			compressorFactory(oStream, true).use { gzip ->
-				file.inputStream().use { it.copyTo(gzip) }
-				gzip.flush()
-			}
-		}.toByteArray()
+	override suspend fun processFile(path: StoragePath): ByteArray? {
+		val fileContents = FileStorage.instance.readFile(path) ?: return null
+		
+		return withContext(Dispatchers.IO) {
+			ByteArrayOutputStream().also { oStream ->
+				compressorFactory(oStream, true).use { gzip ->
+					gzip.write(fileContents)
+					gzip.flush()
+				}
+			}.toByteArray()
+		}
 	}
 }
diff --git a/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/asset_hashing.kt b/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/asset_hashing.kt
index 31b3a6f..48020c1 100644
--- a/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/asset_hashing.kt
+++ b/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/asset_hashing.kt
@@ -1,11 +1,12 @@
 package info.mechyrdia.lore
 
+import info.mechyrdia.data.FileStorage
+import info.mechyrdia.data.StoragePath
 import io.ktor.http.content.*
+import io.ktor.http.content.LastModifiedVersion
 import io.ktor.server.application.*
 import io.ktor.server.http.content.*
-import kotlinx.coroutines.Dispatchers
-import kotlinx.coroutines.runInterruptible
-import java.io.File
+import kotlinx.coroutines.*
 import java.io.IOException
 import java.io.OutputStream
 import java.security.MessageDigest
@@ -54,9 +55,11 @@ private class DigestingOutputStream(stomach: MessageDigest) : OutputStream() {
 private class FileHashCache(val hashAlgo: String) : FileDependentCache<ByteArray>() {
 	private val hashinator: ThreadLocal<MessageDigest> = ThreadLocal.withInitial { MessageDigest.getInstance(hashAlgo) }
 	
-	override fun processFile(file: File): ByteArray {
-		return DigestingOutputStream(hashinator.get()).useAndGet { oStream ->
-			file.inputStream().use { it.copyTo(oStream) }
+	override suspend fun processFile(path: StoragePath): ByteArray {
+		return withContext(Dispatchers.IO) {
+			DigestingOutputStream(hashinator.get()).useAndGet { oStream ->
+				oStream.write(FileStorage.instance.readFile(path) ?: ByteArray(0))
+			}
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -65,19 +68,23 @@ private val eTagCache = FileHashCache("SHA-384")
 
 private val b64Encoder: Base64.Encoder = Base64.getUrlEncoder()
 
-suspend fun File.eTag(): String = runInterruptible(Dispatchers.IO) {
-	b64Encoder.encodeToString(eTagCache[this])
-}
+suspend fun StoragePath.eTag(): String? = eTagCache.get(this)?.let(b64Encoder::encodeToString)
 
-private suspend fun File.getVersionHeaders() = listOf(
-	LastModifiedVersion(lastModified()),
-	EntityTagVersion(eTag()),
-)
+private suspend fun StoragePath.getVersionHeaders() = coroutineScope {
+	listOf(
+		async {
+			eTag()?.let {
+				EntityTagVersion(it)
+			}
+		},
+		async {
+			FileStorage.instance.statFile(this@getVersionHeaders)?.updated?.toEpochMilli()?.let {
+				LastModifiedVersion(it)
+			}
+		}
+	).awaitAll().filterNotNull()
+}
 
-suspend fun getVersionHeaders(call: ApplicationCall, outgoingContent: OutgoingContent): List<Version> {
-	return if (outgoingContent is LocalFileContent)
-		outgoingContent.file.getVersionHeaders()
-	else
-		call.attributes.getOrNull(CompressedFileAttributeKey)?.getVersionHeaders()
-			?: emptyList()
+suspend fun getVersionHeaders(call: ApplicationCall): List<Version> {
+	return call.attributes.getOrNull(StoragePathAttributeKey)?.getVersionHeaders().orEmpty()
 }
diff --git a/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/file_data.kt b/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/file_data.kt
index 399bfc2..42a887d 100644
--- a/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/file_data.kt
+++ b/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/file_data.kt
@@ -1,29 +1,32 @@
 package info.mechyrdia.lore
 
-import java.io.File
-import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock
-import kotlin.concurrent.withLock
+import info.mechyrdia.data.FileStorage
+import info.mechyrdia.data.StoragePath
+import kotlinx.coroutines.sync.Mutex
+import kotlinx.coroutines.sync.withLock
+import java.time.Instant
 import kotlin.properties.ReadOnlyProperty
 import kotlin.reflect.KProperty
 
-fun <T> fileData(file: File, loader: (File) -> T): ReadOnlyProperty<Any?, T> = object : ReadOnlyProperty<Any?, T> {
+fun <T : Any> storedData(path: StoragePath, loader: suspend (StoragePath) -> T?): ReadOnlyProperty<Any?, suspend () -> T?> = object : ReadOnlyProperty<Any?, suspend () -> T?> {
 	private var loadedValue: T? = null
-	private var lastChanged = Long.MIN_VALUE
+	private var lastChanged = Instant.MIN
 	
-	private val lock = ReentrantLock(true)
+	private val lock = Mutex()
 	
-	override fun getValue(thisRef: Any?, property: KProperty<*>): T {
-		return lock.withLock {
-			val cached = loadedValue
-			val lastMod = file.lastModified()
-			
-			@Suppress("UNCHECKED_CAST")
-			if (lastChanged < lastMod) {
-				lastChanged = lastMod
-				loader(file).also {
-					loadedValue = it
-				}
-			} else cached as T
+	override fun getValue(thisRef: Any?, property: KProperty<*>): suspend () -> T? {
+		return suspend {
+			lock.withLock {
+				val cached = loadedValue
+				val lastMod = FileStorage.instance.statFile(path)?.updated ?: return@withLock null
+				
+				if (lastChanged < lastMod) {
+					lastChanged = lastMod
+					loader(path).also {
+						loadedValue = it
+					}
+				} else cached
+			}
 		}
 	}
 }
diff --git a/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/fonts.kt b/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/fonts.kt
index d23d750..ac5411e 100644
--- a/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/fonts.kt
+++ b/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/fonts.kt
@@ -3,10 +3,12 @@ package info.mechyrdia.lore
 import com.jaredrummler.fontreader.truetype.FontFileReader
 import com.jaredrummler.fontreader.truetype.TTFFile
 import com.jaredrummler.fontreader.util.GlyphSequence
-import info.mechyrdia.Configuration
+import info.mechyrdia.data.FileStorage
+import info.mechyrdia.data.StoragePath
 import info.mechyrdia.route.KeyedEnumSerializer
 import info.mechyrdia.yieldThread
-import io.ktor.util.*
+import kotlinx.coroutines.Dispatchers
+import kotlinx.coroutines.withContext
 import kotlinx.serialization.Serializable
 import org.slf4j.Logger
 import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory
@@ -17,7 +19,6 @@ import java.awt.geom.GeneralPath
 import java.awt.geom.PathIterator
 import java.awt.image.BufferedImage
 import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream
-import java.io.File
 import java.io.IOException
 import java.nio.IntBuffer
 import kotlin.properties.ReadOnlyProperty
@@ -48,28 +49,30 @@ object TextAlignmentSerializer : KeyedEnumSerializer<TextAlignment>(TextAlignmen
 object MechyrdiaSansFont {
 	private val logger: Logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MechyrdiaSansFont::class.java)
 	
-	fun renderTextToSvg(text: String, bold: Boolean, italic: Boolean, align: TextAlignment): String {
+	suspend fun renderTextToSvg(text: String, bold: Boolean, italic: Boolean, align: TextAlignment): String {
 		val (file, font) = getFont(bold, italic)
 		return layoutText(text, file, font, align).toSvgDocument(80.0 / file.unitsPerEm, 12.0)
 	}
 	
-	private val fontsRoot = File(Configuration.CurrentConfiguration.rootDir, "fonts")
-	private fun fontFile(name: String) = fontsRoot.combineSafe("$name.ttf")
-	private fun loadFont(fontFile: File): Pair<TTFFile, Font> {
-		val bytes = fontFile.readBytes()
+	private val fontsRoot = StoragePath("fonts")
+	private fun fontFile(name: String) = fontsRoot / "$name.ttf"
+	private suspend fun loadFont(fontFile: StoragePath): Pair<TTFFile, Font>? {
+		val bytes = FileStorage.instance.readFile(fontFile) ?: return null
 		
-		val file = TTFFile(true, true)
-		file.readFont(FontFileReader(ByteArrayInputStream(bytes)))
-		
-		val font = Font
-			.createFont(Font.TRUETYPE_FONT, ByteArrayInputStream(bytes))
-			.deriveFont(file.unitsPerEm.toFloat())
-		
-		return file to font
+		return withContext(Dispatchers.IO) {
+			val file = TTFFile(true, true)
+			file.readFont(FontFileReader(ByteArrayInputStream(bytes)))
+			
+			val font = Font
+				.createFont(Font.TRUETYPE_FONT, ByteArrayInputStream(bytes))
+				.deriveFont(file.unitsPerEm.toFloat())
+			
+			file to font
+		}
 	}
 	
-	private fun loadedFont(fontName: String): ReadOnlyProperty<Any?, Pair<TTFFile, Font>> {
-		return fileData(fontFile(fontName), ::loadFont)
+	private fun loadedFont(fontName: String): ReadOnlyProperty<Any?, suspend () -> Pair<TTFFile, Font>?> {
+		return storedData(fontFile(fontName), ::loadFont)
 	}
 	
 	private val mechyrdiaSans by loadedFont("mechyrdia-sans")
@@ -77,9 +80,9 @@ object MechyrdiaSansFont {
 	private val mechyrdiaSansI by loadedFont("mechyrdia-sans-italic")
 	private val mechyrdiaSansBI by loadedFont("mechyrdia-sans-bold-italic")
 	
-	private val mechyrdiaSansFonts = listOf(::mechyrdiaSans, ::mechyrdiaSansI, ::mechyrdiaSansB, ::mechyrdiaSansBI)
-	private fun getFont(bold: Boolean, italic: Boolean): Pair<TTFFile, Font> {
-		return mechyrdiaSansFonts[(if (bold) 2 else 0) + (if (italic) 1 else 0)].get()
+	private val mechyrdiaSansFonts = listOf(mechyrdiaSans, mechyrdiaSansI, mechyrdiaSansB, mechyrdiaSansBI)
+	private suspend fun getFont(bold: Boolean, italic: Boolean): Pair<TTFFile, Font> {
+		return mechyrdiaSansFonts[(if (bold) 2 else 0) + (if (italic) 1 else 0)]()!!
 	}
 	
 	private fun TTFFile.getGlyph(cp: Int): Int {
diff --git a/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/parser_html.kt b/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/parser_html.kt
index 478612f..ae605bb 100644
--- a/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/parser_html.kt
+++ b/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/parser_html.kt
@@ -1,13 +1,11 @@
 package info.mechyrdia.lore
 
-import info.mechyrdia.Configuration
 import info.mechyrdia.JsonStorageCodec
 import io.ktor.util.*
 import kotlinx.html.*
 import kotlinx.html.org.w3c.dom.events.Event
 import kotlinx.html.stream.appendHTML
 import kotlinx.serialization.json.JsonPrimitive
-import java.io.File
 import kotlin.text.toCharArray
 
 typealias HtmlBuilderContext = Unit
@@ -92,6 +90,8 @@ fun ParserTreeNode.isWhitespace() = when (this) {
 	is ParserTreeNode.Tag -> false
 }
 
+fun ParserTree.isWhitespace() = all { it.isWhitespace() }
+
 fun ParserTreeNode.isParagraph(inlineTags: Set<String>): Boolean = when (this) {
 	is ParserTreeNode.Text -> true
 	ParserTreeNode.LineBreak -> false
@@ -422,17 +422,16 @@ enum class FactbookFormattingTag(val type: HtmlLexerTag) {
 	IMAGE(HtmlTextBodyLexerTag { _, param, content ->
 		val url = content.sanitizeLink()
 		val (width, height) = getSizeParam(param)
+		val styleValue = getImageSizeStyleValue(width, height)
 		
 		if (url.endsWith(".svg")) {
-			val svg = File(Configuration.CurrentConfiguration.assetDir, "images")
-				.combineSafe(url)
-				.readText()
-				.replaceFirst("<svg", "<svg${getImageSizeAttributes(width, height)}")
-			
-			({ unsafe { +svg } })
+			({
+				iframe {
+					src = "/assets/images/$url"
+					style = styleValue
+				}
+			})
 		} else {
-			val styleValue = getImageSizeStyleValue(width, height)
-			
 			({
 				script { unsafe { +"window.appendImageThumb(\"/assets/images/$url\", \"$styleValue\");" } }
 			})
diff --git a/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/parser_preprocess.kt b/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/parser_preprocess.kt
index 598aedc..91ed9bb 100644
--- a/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/parser_preprocess.kt
+++ b/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/parser_preprocess.kt
@@ -18,11 +18,21 @@ class PreProcessingContext private constructor(
 	operator fun get(name: String): ParserTree = variables[name] ?: parent?.get(name) ?: "null".textToTree()
 	
 	operator fun set(name: String, value: ParserTree) {
-		variables[name] = value
+		if (parent != null && name in parent)
+			parent[name] = value
+		else
+			variables[name] = value
+	}
+	
+	fun setGlobal(name: String, value: ParserTree) {
+		if (parent != null)
+			parent.setGlobal(name, value)
+		else
+			variables[name] = value
 	}
 	
-	operator fun set(name: String, value: String) {
-		variables[name] = value.textToTree()
+	fun setLocal(name: String, value: ParserTree) {
+		variables[name] = value
 	}
 	
 	operator fun contains(name: String): Boolean = name in variables || (parent?.contains(name) == true)
@@ -143,6 +153,31 @@ object PreProcessorVariableInvoker : PreProcessorFunctionProvider {
 	}
 }
 
+fun interface PreProcessorFilter {
+	suspend fun execute(input: ParserTree, env: AsyncLexerTagEnvironment<PreProcessingContext, PreProcessingSubject>): ParserTree
+}
+
+fun interface PreProcessorFilterProvider : PreProcessorLexerTag {
+	suspend fun provideFilter(param: String?): PreProcessorFilter?
+	
+	override suspend fun processTag(env: AsyncLexerTagEnvironment<PreProcessingContext, PreProcessingSubject>, param: String?, subNodes: ParserTree): PreProcessingSubject {
+		val filter = provideFilter(param) ?: return emptyList()
+		return filter.execute(subNodes, env)
+	}
+}
+
+abstract class PreProcessorFilterLibrary : PreProcessorFilterProvider {
+	abstract val filters: Map<String, PreProcessorFilter>
+	
+	override suspend fun provideFilter(param: String?) = param?.let { filters[it] }
+	
+	companion object {
+		operator fun invoke(library: Map<String, PreProcessorFilter>) = object : PreProcessorFilterLibrary() {
+			override val filters: Map<String, PreProcessorFilter> = library
+		}
+	}
+}
+
 fun ParserTree.asPreProcessorList(): List<ParserTree> = mapNotNull {
 	if (it !is ParserTreeNode.Tag || it isNotTag "item" || it.param != null)
 		null
@@ -170,8 +205,8 @@ suspend fun <K, V, R> Map<K, V>.mapValuesSuspend(processor: suspend (K, V) -> R)
 		async {
 			k to processor(k, v)
 		}
-	}.awaitAll()
-}.toMap()
+	}.awaitAll().toMap()
+}
 
 enum class PreProcessorTags(val type: PreProcessorLexerTag) {
 	EVAL(PreProcessorLexerTag { env, param, subNodes ->
@@ -201,6 +236,20 @@ enum class PreProcessorTags(val type: PreProcessorLexerTag) {
 		
 		emptyList()
 	}),
+	SET_GLOBAL(PreProcessorLexerTag { env, param, subNodes ->
+		param?.let { varName ->
+			env.context.setGlobal(varName, env.processTree(subNodes))
+		}
+		
+		emptyList()
+	}),
+	SET_LOCAL(PreProcessorLexerTag { env, param, subNodes ->
+		param?.let { varName ->
+			env.context.setLocal(varName, env.processTree(subNodes))
+		}
+		
+		emptyList()
+	}),
 	INDEX(PreProcessorLexerTag { env, param, subNodes ->
 		val inputList = env.processTree(subNodes).asPreProcessorList()
 		
@@ -258,12 +307,64 @@ enum class PreProcessorTags(val type: PreProcessorLexerTag) {
 		}.orEmpty()
 	}),
 	MATH(PreProcessorMathOperators),
-	MATH_TEST(PreProcessorMathPredicate),
 	LOGIC(PreProcessorLogicOperator),
+	TEST(PreProcessorLogicOperator),
 	JSON_PARSE(PreProcessorLexerTag { _, _, subNodes ->
 		JsonStorageCodec.parseToJsonElement(subNodes.treeToText()).toPreProcessTree()
 	}),
 	JSON_STRINGIFY(PreProcessorLexerTag { env, _, subNodes ->
 		env.processTree(subNodes).toPreProcessJson().toString().textToTree()
 	}),
+	SCRIPT(PreProcessorLexerTag { env, param, subNodes ->
+		param?.let { scriptName ->
+			PreProcessorScriptLoader.runScriptSafe(scriptName, subNodes.asPreProcessorMap(), env) {
+				it.renderInBBCode()
+			}
+		}.orEmpty()
+	}),
+	WITH_DATA_FILE(PreProcessorLexerTag { env, param, subNodes ->
+		param?.let { dataFileName ->
+			val args = FactbookLoader.loadFactbookContext(dataFileName.split('/'))
+			env.copy(context = env.context + args).processTree(subNodes)
+		}.orEmpty()
+	}),
+	IMPORT(PreProcessorLexerTag { _, param, subNodes ->
+		param?.let { templateName ->
+			PreProcessorTemplateLoader.runTemplateWith(templateName, subNodes.asPreProcessorMap())
+		}.orEmpty()
+	}),
+	INCLUDE(PreProcessorLexerTag { env, _, subNodes ->
+		PreProcessorTemplateLoader.runTemplateHere(env.processTree(subNodes).treeToText(), env)
+	}),
+	TEMPLATE(PreProcessorLexerTag { env, _, subNodes ->
+		PreProcessorTemplateLoader.loadTemplate(env.processTree(subNodes).treeToText())
+	}),
+	;
+	
+	companion object {
+		val asTags = AsyncLexerTags(entries.associate { it.name to it.type })
+	}
+}
+
+suspend fun ParserTree.preProcess(context: Map<String, ParserTree>): ParserTree {
+	return AsyncLexerTagEnvironment(
+		PreProcessingContext(context, null),
+		PreProcessorTags.asTags,
+		PreProcessorUtils,
+		PreProcessorUtils,
+		PreProcessorUtils,
+		PreProcessorUtils,
+	).processTree(this)
 }
+
+fun Exception.renderInBBCode(): ParserTree = listOf(
+	ParserTreeNode.LineBreak,
+	ParserTreeNode.Tag("b", null, listOf(ParserTreeNode.Text("${this::class.qualifiedName}: $message"))),
+	ParserTreeNode.LineBreak,
+	ParserTreeNode.Tag("ul", null,
+		stackTraceToString().split(System.lineSeparator()).map {
+			ParserTreeNode.Tag("li", null, listOf(ParserTreeNode.Text(it)))
+		}
+	),
+	ParserTreeNode.LineBreak,
+)
diff --git a/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/parser_preprocess_include.kt b/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/parser_preprocess_include.kt
index cee5a70..d4263e6 100644
--- a/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/parser_preprocess_include.kt
+++ b/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/parser_preprocess_include.kt
@@ -1,5 +1,132 @@
 package info.mechyrdia.lore
 
+import info.mechyrdia.JsonStorageCodec
+import info.mechyrdia.data.FileStorage
+import info.mechyrdia.data.StoragePath
+import info.mechyrdia.lore.PebbleJsonLoader.convertJson
+import info.mechyrdia.lore.PebbleJsonLoader.deconvertJson
+import io.github.reactivecircus.cache4k.Cache
+import io.ktor.util.*
+import kotlinx.coroutines.Dispatchers
+import kotlinx.coroutines.suspendCancellableCoroutine
+import kotlinx.coroutines.withContext
+import kotlinx.serialization.json.*
+import java.security.MessageDigest
+import java.util.function.Consumer
+import javax.script.Compilable
+import javax.script.CompiledScript
+import javax.script.ScriptEngineManager
+import javax.script.SimpleBindings
+import kotlin.coroutines.*
+import kotlin.time.Duration.Companion.days
+
+object PreProcessorTemplateLoader {
+	suspend fun loadTemplate(name: String): ParserTree {
+		val templateFile = StoragePath.templateDir / "$name.tpl"
+		val template = FileStorage.instance.readFile(templateFile) ?: return emptyList()
+		return ParserState.parseText(String(template))
+	}
+	
+	suspend fun runTemplateWith(name: String, args: Map<String, ParserTree>): ParserTree {
+		return loadTemplate(name).preProcess(args)
+	}
+	
+	suspend fun runTemplateHere(name: String, env: AsyncLexerTagEnvironment<PreProcessingContext, PreProcessingSubject>): ParserTree {
+		return env.processTree(loadTemplate(name))
+	}
+}
+
 object PreProcessorScriptLoader {
+	private val scriptEngine = ThreadLocal.withInitial { ScriptEngineManager().getEngineByExtension("groovy") }
+	private val hasher = ThreadLocal.withInitial { MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA-256") }
+	private val cache = Cache.Builder<String, CompiledScript>()
+		.maximumCacheSize(16)
+		.expireAfterAccess(72.days)
+		.build()
+	
+	suspend fun loadFunction(name: String): CompiledScript? {
+		val scriptFile = StoragePath.scriptDir / "$name.groovy"
+		val script = FileStorage.instance.readFile(scriptFile) ?: return null
+		
+		val digest = hex(hasher.get().digest(script))
+		return cache.get(digest) {
+			withContext(Dispatchers.IO) {
+				(scriptEngine.get() as Compilable).compile(String(script))
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	
+	fun jsonToGroovy(json: JsonElement): Any? = when (json) {
+		JsonNull -> null
+		is JsonPrimitive -> if (json.isString)
+			json.content
+		else
+			json.booleanOrNull ?: json.intOrNull ?: json.double
+		
+		is JsonObject -> json.mapValues { (_, it) -> convertJson(it) }
+		is JsonArray -> json.map { convertJson(it) }
+	}
+	
+	fun groovyToJson(data: Any?): JsonElement = when (data) {
+		null -> JsonNull
+		is String -> JsonPrimitive(data)
+		is Number -> JsonPrimitive(data)
+		is Boolean -> JsonPrimitive(data)
+		is List<*> -> JsonArray(data.map { deconvertJson(it) })
+		is Set<*> -> JsonArray(data.map { deconvertJson(it) })
+		is Map<*, *> -> JsonObject(data.map { (k, v) -> k.toString() to deconvertJson(v) }.toMap())
+		else -> throw ClassCastException("Expected null, String, Number, Boolean, List, Set, or Map for converted data, got $data of type ${data::class.qualifiedName}")
+	}
+	
+	suspend fun runScriptInternal(script: CompiledScript, args: MutableMap<String, Any?>, env: AsyncLexerTagEnvironment<PreProcessingContext, PreProcessingSubject>): Any? {
+		return suspendCancellableCoroutine { continuation ->
+			val bindings = SimpleBindings()
+			bindings["stdlib"] = PreProcessorScriptStdlib(env, continuation.context, continuation::resumeWithException)
+			bindings["ctx"] = PreProcessorScriptVarContext { jsonToGroovy(env.context[it].toPreProcessJson()) }
+			bindings["args"] = args
+			bindings["finish"] = Consumer<Any?>(continuation::resume)
+			
+			script.eval(bindings)
+		}
+	}
+	
+	suspend fun runScriptSafe(scriptName: String, args: Map<String, ParserTree>, env: AsyncLexerTagEnvironment<PreProcessingContext, PreProcessingSubject>, errorHandler: (Exception) -> ParserTree): ParserTree {
+		return try {
+			val script = loadFunction(scriptName)!!
+			val internalArgs = args.mapValuesTo(mutableMapOf()) { (_, it) -> jsonToGroovy(it.toPreProcessJson()) }
+			val result = runScriptInternal(script, internalArgs, env)
+			return if (result is String)
+				ParserState.parseText(result)
+			else
+				groovyToJson(result).toPreProcessTree()
+		} catch (ex: Exception) {
+			errorHandler(ex)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+fun interface PreProcessorScriptVarContext {
+	operator fun get(name: String): Any?
+}
 
+class PreProcessorScriptStdlib(private val env: AsyncLexerTagEnvironment<PreProcessingContext, PreProcessingSubject>, private val context: CoroutineContext, private val onError: (Throwable) -> Unit) {
+	fun jsonStringify(data: Any?): String {
+		return PreProcessorScriptLoader.groovyToJson(data).toString()
+	}
+	
+	fun jsonParse(json: String): Any? {
+		return PreProcessorScriptLoader.jsonToGroovy(JsonStorageCodec.parseToJsonElement(json))
+	}
+	
+	@JvmOverloads
+	fun loadScript(scriptName: String, args: Map<String, Any?> = emptyMap(), useResult: Consumer<Any?>) {
+		suspend {
+			val script = PreProcessorScriptLoader.loadFunction(scriptName)!!
+			val argsMutable = if (args is MutableMap) args else args.toMutableMap()
+			PreProcessorScriptLoader.runScriptInternal(script, argsMutable, env)
+		}.startCoroutine(Continuation(context) { result ->
+			result.onSuccess(useResult::accept)
+			result.onFailure(onError)
+		})
+	}
 }
diff --git a/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/parser_preprocess_json.kt b/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/parser_preprocess_json.kt
index 106c187..9fa0fff 100644
--- a/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/parser_preprocess_json.kt
+++ b/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/parser_preprocess_json.kt
@@ -1,5 +1,8 @@
 package info.mechyrdia.lore
 
+import info.mechyrdia.JsonStorageCodec
+import info.mechyrdia.data.FileStorage
+import info.mechyrdia.data.StoragePath
 import kotlinx.serialization.json.*
 
 fun JsonElement.toPreProcessTree(): ParserTree = when (this) {
@@ -59,3 +62,20 @@ fun ParserTree.toPreProcessJson(): JsonElement {
 		}
 	else JsonPrimitive(unparse())
 }
+
+object FactbookLoader {
+	suspend fun loadJsonData(lorePath: List<String>): JsonObject {
+		val bytes = FileStorage.instance.readFile(StoragePath.jsonDocDir / lorePath) ?: return JsonObject(emptyMap())
+		return JsonStorageCodec.parseToJsonElement(String(bytes)) as JsonObject
+	}
+	
+	suspend fun loadFactbookContext(lorePath: List<String>): Map<String, ParserTree> {
+		return loadJsonData(lorePath).mapValues { (_, it) -> it.toPreProcessTree() }
+	}
+	
+	suspend fun loadFactbook(lorePath: List<String>): ParserTree? {
+		val bytes = FileStorage.instance.readFile(StoragePath.articleDir / lorePath) ?: return null
+		val inputTree = ParserState.parseText(String(bytes))
+		return inputTree.preProcess(loadFactbookContext(lorePath))
+	}
+}
diff --git a/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/parser_preprocess_math.kt b/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/parser_preprocess_math.kt
index 4aeb0c6..2b269e9 100644
--- a/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/parser_preprocess_math.kt
+++ b/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/parser_preprocess_math.kt
@@ -47,6 +47,13 @@ object PreProcessorMathOperators : PreProcessorFunctionLibrary() {
 		"sum" to PreProcessorMathVariadicOperator(List<Double>::sum),
 		"prod" to PreProcessorMathVariadicOperator { it.fold(1.0, Double::times) },
 		"mean" to PreProcessorMathVariadicOperator { it.sum() / it.size.coerceAtLeast(1) },
+		
+		"eq" to PreProcessorMathPredicate { left, right -> left == right },
+		"lt" to PreProcessorMathPredicate { left, right -> left < right },
+		"gt" to PreProcessorMathPredicate { left, right -> left > right },
+		"ne" to PreProcessorMathPredicate { left, right -> left != right },
+		"le" to PreProcessorMathPredicate { left, right -> left <= right },
+		"ge" to PreProcessorMathPredicate { left, right -> left >= right },
 	)
 }
 
@@ -90,17 +97,6 @@ fun interface PreProcessorMathPredicate : PreProcessorFunction {
 	}
 	
 	fun calculate(left: Double, right: Double): Boolean
-	
-	companion object : PreProcessorFunctionLibrary() {
-		override val functions: Map<String, PreProcessorFunction> = mapOf(
-			"eq" to PreProcessorMathPredicate { left, right -> left == right },
-			"lt" to PreProcessorMathPredicate { left, right -> left < right },
-			"gt" to PreProcessorMathPredicate { left, right -> left > right },
-			"ne" to PreProcessorMathPredicate { left, right -> left != right },
-			"le" to PreProcessorMathPredicate { left, right -> left <= right },
-			"ge" to PreProcessorMathPredicate { left, right -> left >= right },
-		)
-	}
 }
 
 fun interface PreProcessorLogicBinaryOperator : PreProcessorFunction {
@@ -129,7 +125,7 @@ fun interface PreProcessorLogicOperator : PreProcessorFunction {
 				env.processTree(env.context["in"])
 					.treeToBooleanOrNull()
 					?.let { "${!it}".textToTree() }
-					?: emptyList()
+					.orEmpty()
 			},
 			
 			"and" to PreProcessorLogicBinaryOperator { left, right -> left && right },
@@ -155,3 +151,20 @@ fun interface PreProcessorLogicOperator : PreProcessorFunction {
 		)
 	}
 }
+
+fun interface PreProcessorInputTest : PreProcessorFilter {
+	override suspend fun execute(input: ParserTree, env: AsyncLexerTagEnvironment<PreProcessingContext, PreProcessingSubject>): ParserTree {
+		return calculate(input).booleanToTree()
+	}
+	
+	fun calculate(input: ParserTree): Boolean
+	
+	companion object : PreProcessorFilterLibrary() {
+		override val filters: Map<String, PreProcessorFilter> = mapOf(
+			"empty" to PreProcessorInputTest { it.isEmpty() },
+			"blank" to PreProcessorInputTest { it.isWhitespace() },
+			"notempty" to PreProcessorInputTest { it.isNotEmpty() },
+			"notblank" to PreProcessorInputTest { !it.isWhitespace() },
+		)
+	}
+}
diff --git a/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/parser_raw.kt b/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/parser_raw.kt
index 566d282..9b04cc1 100644
--- a/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/parser_raw.kt
+++ b/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/parser_raw.kt
@@ -82,17 +82,16 @@ enum class RawFactbookFormattingTag(val type: HtmlLexerTag) {
 	IMAGE(HtmlTextBodyLexerTag { _, param, content ->
 		val url = content.sanitizeLink()
 		val (width, height) = getSizeParam(param)
+		val styleValue = getRawImageSizeStyleValue(width, height)
 		
 		if (url.endsWith(".svg")) {
-			val svg = File(Configuration.CurrentConfiguration.assetDir, "images")
-				.combineSafe(url)
-				.readText()
-				.replaceFirst("<svg", "<svg${getRawImageSizeAttributes(width, height)}")
-			
-			({ unsafe { +svg } })
+			({
+				iframe {
+					src = "/assets/images/$url"
+					style = styleValue
+				}
+			})
 		} else {
-			val styleValue = getRawImageSizeStyleValue(width, height)
-			
 			({
 				img(src = "/assets/images/$url") {
 					width?.let { attributes["data-width"] = "$it" }
diff --git a/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/parser_tree.kt b/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/parser_tree.kt
index a65f575..bd2187c 100644
--- a/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/parser_tree.kt
+++ b/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/parser_tree.kt
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 package info.mechyrdia.lore
 
-fun <TSubject> String.parseAs(converter: ParserTree.() -> TSubject) = ParserState.parseText(this).converter()
+inline fun <TSubject> String.parseAs(converter: ParserTree.() -> TSubject) = ParserState.parseText(this).converter()
 
-fun <TContext> String.parseAs(context: TContext, converter: ParserTree.(TContext) -> Unit) = ParserState.parseText(this).converter(context)
+inline fun <TContext> String.parseAs(context: TContext, converter: ParserTree.(TContext) -> Unit) = ParserState.parseText(this).converter(context)
 
 sealed class ParserTreeNode {
 	data class Text(val text: String) : ParserTreeNode()
diff --git a/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/preparser.kt b/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/preparser.kt
deleted file mode 100644
index a3ce0a2..0000000
--- a/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/preparser.kt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,33 +0,0 @@
-package info.mechyrdia.lore
-
-import io.pebbletemplates.pebble.PebbleEngine
-import io.pebbletemplates.pebble.error.PebbleException
-import org.slf4j.Logger
-import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory
-import java.io.StringWriter
-
-object PreParser {
-	private val logger: Logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(PreParser::class.java)
-	
-	private val pebble = PebbleEngine.Builder()
-		.addEscapingStrategy("none", PebbleNoEscaping)
-		.defaultEscapingStrategy("none")
-		.autoEscaping(false)
-		.loader(PebbleTemplateLoader)
-		.registerExtensionCustomizer(::PebbleExtensionCustomizer)
-		.extension(PebbleFactbooksExtension)
-		.build()
-	
-	fun preparse(name: String, content: String): String {
-		return try {
-			val template = pebble.getLiteralTemplate(content)
-			val context = PebbleJsonLoader.loadJsonContextOrEmpty(name).toMutableMap()
-			val writer = StringWriter()
-			template.evaluate(writer, context)
-			return writer.toString()
-		} catch (ex: PebbleException) {
-			logger.error("Runtime error pre-parsing factbook $name", ex)
-			"[h1]Error[/h1]\n\nThere was a runtime error pre-parsing this factbook: ${ex.message}"
-		}
-	}
-}
diff --git a/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/preparser_config.kt b/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/preparser_config.kt
deleted file mode 100644
index e3d210e..0000000
--- a/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/preparser_config.kt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,408 +0,0 @@
-package info.mechyrdia.lore
-
-import info.mechyrdia.Configuration
-import info.mechyrdia.JsonFileCodec
-import info.mechyrdia.JsonStorageCodec
-import io.ktor.util.*
-import io.pebbletemplates.pebble.error.PebbleException
-import io.pebbletemplates.pebble.extension.*
-import io.pebbletemplates.pebble.extension.Function
-import io.pebbletemplates.pebble.extension.escaper.EscapeFilter
-import io.pebbletemplates.pebble.extension.escaper.EscapingStrategy
-import io.pebbletemplates.pebble.extension.escaper.RawFilter
-import io.pebbletemplates.pebble.extension.escaper.SafeString
-import io.pebbletemplates.pebble.extension.i18n.i18nFunction
-import io.pebbletemplates.pebble.loader.Loader
-import io.pebbletemplates.pebble.template.EvaluationContext
-import io.pebbletemplates.pebble.template.PebbleTemplate
-import io.pebbletemplates.pebble.tokenParser.*
-import kotlinx.serialization.json.*
-import java.io.File
-import java.io.IOException
-import java.io.Reader
-import java.security.MessageDigest
-import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap
-import javax.script.*
-import kotlin.reflect.jvm.jvmName
-
-object PebbleNoEscaping : EscapingStrategy {
-	override fun escape(input: String): String {
-		return input
-	}
-}
-
-data class PebbleTemplateCacheKey(val fileName: String, val lastModified: Long) {
-	constructor(name: String) : this(name, File(Configuration.CurrentConfiguration.templateDir).combineSafe("$name.tpl").lastModified())
-	
-	val file: File
-		get() = File(Configuration.CurrentConfiguration.templateDir).combineSafe("$fileName.tpl")
-	
-	companion object {
-		fun exists(name: String) = File(Configuration.CurrentConfiguration.templateDir).combineSafe("$name.tpl").isFile
-	}
-}
-
-object PebbleTemplateLoader : Loader<PebbleTemplateCacheKey> {
-	override fun getReader(cacheKey: PebbleTemplateCacheKey): Reader {
-		return cacheKey.file.reader()
-	}
-	
-	override fun setCharset(charset: String?) {
-		// no-op
-	}
-	
-	override fun setPrefix(prefix: String) {
-		// no-op
-	}
-	
-	override fun setSuffix(suffix: String) {
-		// no-op
-	}
-	
-	override fun resolveRelativePath(relativePath: String, anchorPath: String): String {
-		if ('\n' in anchorPath) // Probably a raw template contents string
-			return relativePath
-		
-		val templateDir = File(Configuration.CurrentConfiguration.templateDir)
-		return templateDir.combineSafe("$anchorPath/$relativePath").toRelativeString(templateDir)
-	}
-	
-	override fun createCacheKey(templateName: String): PebbleTemplateCacheKey {
-		return PebbleTemplateCacheKey(templateName)
-	}
-	
-	override fun resourceExists(templateName: String): Boolean {
-		return PebbleTemplateCacheKey.exists(templateName)
-	}
-}
-
-class PebbleExtensionCustomizer(delegate: Extension) : ExtensionCustomizer(delegate) {
-	override fun getFilters(): MutableMap<String, Filter> {
-		return super.getFilters().orEmpty().filterValues { filter ->
-			filter !is EscapeFilter && filter !is RawFilter
-		}.toMutableMap()
-	}
-	
-	override fun getFunctions(): MutableMap<String, Function> {
-		return super.getFunctions().orEmpty().filterValues { function ->
-			function !is i18nFunction
-		}.toMutableMap()
-	}
-	
-	override fun getTokenParsers(): MutableList<TokenParser> {
-		return super.getTokenParsers().orEmpty().filter { tokenParser ->
-			tokenParser !is AutoEscapeTokenParser && tokenParser !is CacheTokenParser && tokenParser !is FlushTokenParser && tokenParser !is ParallelTokenParser
-		}.toMutableList()
-	}
-}
-
-object PebbleFactbooksExtension : AbstractExtension() {
-	override fun getFilters(): MutableMap<String, Filter> {
-		return mutableMapOf(
-			"toJson" to PebbleToJsonFilter,
-			"fromJson" to PebbleFromJsonFilter,
-			"script" to PebbleScriptFilter,
-		)
-	}
-	
-	override fun getFunctions(): MutableMap<String, Function> {
-		return mutableMapOf(
-			"loadJson" to PebbleLoadJsonFunction,
-			"script" to PebbleScriptFunction,
-		)
-	}
-}
-
-@JvmInline
-value class JsonPath private constructor(private val pathElements: List<String>) {
-	constructor(path: String) : this(path.split('.').filterNot { it.isBlank() })
-	
-	operator fun component1() = pathElements.firstOrNull()
-	operator fun component2() = JsonPath(pathElements.drop(1))
-	
-	override fun toString(): String {
-		return pathElements.joinToString(separator = ".")
-	}
-	
-	companion object {
-		val Empty = JsonPath(emptyList())
-	}
-}
-
-operator fun JsonElement.get(path: JsonPath): JsonElement {
-	val (pathHead, pathTail) = path
-	pathHead ?: return this
-	
-	return when (this) {
-		is JsonObject -> this.getValue(pathHead)[pathTail]
-		is JsonArray -> this[pathHead.toInt()][pathTail]
-		is JsonPrimitive -> throw NoSuchElementException("Cannot resolve path $path on JSON primitive $this")
-	}
-}
-
-@JvmInline
-value class JsonImport private constructor(private val importFrom: Pair<File, JsonPath>) {
-	fun resolve(): Pair<File, JsonElement> {
-		return try {
-			importFrom.let { (file, path) ->
-				file to JsonFileCodec.parseToJsonElement(file.readText())[path]
-			}
-		} catch (ex: RuntimeException) {
-			val filePath = importFrom.first.toRelativeString(File(Configuration.CurrentConfiguration.jsonDocDir))
-			val jsonPath = importFrom.second
-			throw IllegalArgumentException("Unable to resolve JSON path $jsonPath on file $filePath", ex)
-		}
-	}
-	
-	companion object {
-		operator fun invoke(statement: String, currentFile: File): JsonImport? {
-			if (!statement.startsWith('@')) return null
-			val splitterIndex = statement.lastIndexOf('#')
-			
-			val (filePath, jsonPath) = if (splitterIndex != -1)
-				statement.substring(1, splitterIndex) to statement.substring(splitterIndex + 1)
-			else
-				statement.substring(1) to null
-			
-			val file = if (filePath.startsWith('/'))
-				File(Configuration.CurrentConfiguration.jsonDocDir).combineSafe("$filePath.json")
-			else
-				currentFile.parentFile.combineSafe("$filePath.json")
-			
-			if (!file.isFile)
-				throw IllegalArgumentException("JSON import path '$filePath' does not point to a file")
-			
-			return JsonImport(file to (jsonPath?.let { JsonPath(it) } ?: JsonPath.Empty))
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-object PebbleJsonLoader {
-	private fun resolveImports(json: JsonElement, currentFile: File): JsonElement = when (json) {
-		JsonNull -> JsonNull
-		is JsonPrimitive -> if (json.isString) {
-			JsonImport(json.content, currentFile)?.let { jsonImport ->
-				val (nextFile, jsonData) = jsonImport.resolve()
-				resolveImports(jsonData, nextFile)
-			} ?: json
-		} else json
-		
-		is JsonObject -> JsonObject(json.mapValues { (_, it) -> resolveImports(it, currentFile) })
-		is JsonArray -> JsonArray(json.map { resolveImports(it, currentFile) })
-	}
-	
-	fun convertJson(json: JsonElement): Any? = when (json) {
-		JsonNull -> null
-		is JsonPrimitive -> if (json.isString)
-			json.content
-		else
-			json.intOrNull ?: json.double
-		
-		is JsonObject -> json.mapValues { (_, it) -> convertJson(it) }
-		is JsonArray -> json.map { convertJson(it) }
-	}
-	
-	fun deconvertJson(data: Any?): JsonElement = when (data) {
-		null -> JsonNull
-		is String -> JsonPrimitive(data)
-		is SafeString -> JsonPrimitive(data.toString())
-		is Number -> JsonPrimitive(data)
-		is Boolean -> JsonPrimitive(data)
-		is List<*> -> JsonArray(data.map { deconvertJson(it) })
-		is Set<*> -> JsonArray(data.map { deconvertJson(it) })
-		is Map<*, *> -> JsonObject(data.map { (k, v) -> k.toString() to deconvertJson(v) }.toMap())
-		else -> throw ClassCastException("Expected null, String, Number, Boolean, List, Set, or Map for converted data, got $data of type ${data::class.jvmName}")
-	}
-	
-	fun loadJson(name: String): JsonElement =
-		File(Configuration.CurrentConfiguration.jsonDocDir)
-			.combineSafe("$name.json")
-			.takeIf { it.isFile }
-			.let { file ->
-				file ?: throw IOException("Unable to find $name as a file")
-				
-				val text = file.readText()
-				resolveImports(JsonFileCodec.parseToJsonElement(text), file)
-			}
-	
-	private fun loadJsonContext(name: String): Map<String, Any?> = loadJson(name).let { json ->
-		val data = convertJson(json)
-		if (data !is Map<*, *>)
-			throw IOException("JSON Object expected in file $name, got $json")
-		
-		data.mapKeys { (k, _) -> k.toString() }
-	}
-	
-	fun loadJsonContextOrEmpty(name: String): Map<String, Any?> = try {
-		loadJsonContext(name)
-	} catch (ex: IOException) {
-		emptyMap()
-	}
-}
-
-object PebbleToJsonFilter : Filter {
-	override fun getArgumentNames(): MutableList<String> {
-		return mutableListOf()
-	}
-	
-	override fun apply(input: Any?, args: MutableMap<String, Any?>, self: PebbleTemplate?, context: EvaluationContext?, lineNumber: Int): Any {
-		return PebbleJsonLoader.deconvertJson(input).toString()
-	}
-}
-
-object PebbleFromJsonFilter : Filter {
-	override fun getArgumentNames(): MutableList<String> {
-		return mutableListOf()
-	}
-	
-	override fun apply(input: Any?, args: MutableMap<String, Any?>, self: PebbleTemplate?, context: EvaluationContext?, lineNumber: Int): Any? {
-		return PebbleJsonLoader.convertJson(JsonStorageCodec.parseToJsonElement(input.toString()))
-	}
-}
-
-object PebbleLoadJsonFunction : Function {
-	override fun getArgumentNames(): MutableList<String> {
-		return mutableListOf("data", "path")
-	}
-	
-	override fun execute(args: MutableMap<String, Any?>, self: PebbleTemplate, context: EvaluationContext, lineNumber: Int): Any? {
-		val dataName = args["data"]?.toString()
-			?: throw PebbleException(null, "Missing 'data' argument", lineNumber, self.name)
-		
-		val data = try {
-			PebbleJsonLoader.loadJson(dataName)
-		} catch (ex: IOException) {
-			throw PebbleException(ex, ex.message, lineNumber, self.name)
-		}
-		
-		val dataPath = args["path"]?.toString()?.let { JsonPath(it) } ?: JsonPath.Empty
-		return try {
-			PebbleJsonLoader.convertJson(data[dataPath])
-		} catch (ex: NoSuchElementException) {
-			throw PebbleException(ex, "Unable to resolve path $dataPath in JSON $data", lineNumber, self.name)
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-object PebbleScriptLoader {
-	private val scriptEngine = ThreadLocal.withInitial { ScriptEngineManager().getEngineByExtension("groovy") }
-	private val hasher = ThreadLocal.withInitial { MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA-256") }
-	private val cache = ConcurrentHashMap<String, CompiledScript>()
-	
-	fun loadFunction(name: String): CompiledScript? {
-		val scriptFile = File(Configuration.CurrentConfiguration.scriptDir).combineSafe("$name.groovy")
-		if (!scriptFile.canRead())
-			return null
-		
-		val script = scriptFile.readText()
-		val digest = hasher.get().digest(script.toByteArray()).joinToString(separator = "") { it.toUByte().toString(16) }
-		return cache.computeIfAbsent(digest) {
-			(scriptEngine.get() as Compilable).compile(script)
-		}
-	}
-	
-	private fun runScript(scriptName: String, script: CompiledScript, input: Any?, args: MutableMap<String, Any?>, self: PebbleTemplate, context: EvaluationContext, lineNumber: Int): Any? {
-		val bindings = SimpleBindings()
-		bindings["text"] = input
-		bindings["stdlib"] = PebbleScriptStdlib(bindings, self, lineNumber)
-		bindings["ctx"] = PebbleScriptVarContext(context::getVariable)
-		bindings["args"] = args.toMutableMap().apply { remove("script") }
-		
-		return try {
-			script.eval(bindings)
-		} catch (ex: ScriptException) {
-			throw PebbleException(ex, "Unhandled ScriptException from $scriptName", lineNumber, self.name)
-		}
-	}
-	
-	private fun runScript(scriptName: String, input: Any?, args: MutableMap<String, Any?>, self: PebbleTemplate, context: EvaluationContext, lineNumber: Int): Any? {
-		val script = loadFunction(scriptName)
-			?: throw PebbleException(null, "Script $scriptName could not be found", lineNumber, self.name)
-		
-		return runScript(scriptName, script, input, args, self, context, lineNumber)
-	}
-	
-	fun runScript(input: Any?, args: MutableMap<String, Any?>, self: PebbleTemplate, context: EvaluationContext, lineNumber: Int): Any? {
-		val scriptName = args["script"]?.toString()
-			?: throw PebbleException(null, "Missing 'script' argument", lineNumber, self.name)
-		
-		return runScript(scriptName, input, args, self, context, lineNumber)
-	}
-}
-
-class PebbleScriptStdlib(private val bindings: Bindings, private val self: PebbleTemplate, private val lineNumber: Int) {
-	fun serialize(data: Any?): String {
-		return PebbleJsonLoader.deconvertJson(data).toString()
-	}
-	
-	fun deserialize(json: String): Any? {
-		return PebbleJsonLoader.convertJson(JsonStorageCodec.parseToJsonElement(json))
-	}
-	
-	@JvmOverloads
-	fun loadScript(scriptName: String, env: Map<String, Any?> = emptyMap()): Any? {
-		val script = PebbleScriptLoader.loadFunction(scriptName)
-			?: throw PebbleException(null, "Script $scriptName could not be found", lineNumber, self.name)
-		
-		val innerBindings = SimpleBindings()
-		innerBindings.putAll(env)
-		
-		return try {
-			script.eval(innerBindings)
-		} catch (ex: ScriptException) {
-			throw PebbleException(ex, "Unhandled ScriptException from $scriptName", lineNumber, self.name)
-		}
-	}
-	
-	fun loadScriptWith(scriptName: String, env: MutableMap<String, Any?> = mutableMapOf()): Any? {
-		val script = PebbleScriptLoader.loadFunction(scriptName)
-			?: throw PebbleException(null, "Script $scriptName could not be found", lineNumber, self.name)
-		
-		val innerBindings = SimpleBindings()
-		innerBindings.putAll(env)
-		
-		return try {
-			script.eval(innerBindings).also {  _ ->
-				env.clear()
-				env.putAll(innerBindings)
-			}
-		} catch (ex: ScriptException) {
-			throw PebbleException(ex, "Unhandled ScriptException from $scriptName", lineNumber, self.name)
-		}
-	}
-	
-	fun loadScriptHere(scriptName: String): Any? {
-		val script = PebbleScriptLoader.loadFunction(scriptName)
-			?: throw PebbleException(null, "Script $scriptName could not be found", lineNumber, self.name)
-		
-		return try {
-			script.eval(bindings)
-		} catch (ex: ScriptException) {
-			throw PebbleException(ex, "Unhandled ScriptException from $scriptName", lineNumber, self.name)
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-fun interface PebbleScriptVarContext {
-	operator fun get(name: String): Any?
-}
-
-object PebbleScriptFilter : Filter {
-	override fun getArgumentNames(): MutableList<String> {
-		return mutableListOf("script")
-	}
-	
-	override fun apply(input: Any?, args: MutableMap<String, Any?>, self: PebbleTemplate, context: EvaluationContext, lineNumber: Int): Any? {
-		return PebbleScriptLoader.runScript(input, args, self, context, lineNumber)
-	}
-}
-
-object PebbleScriptFunction : Function {
-	override fun getArgumentNames(): MutableList<String> {
-		return mutableListOf("script")
-	}
-	
-	override fun execute(args: MutableMap<String, Any?>, self: PebbleTemplate, context: EvaluationContext, lineNumber: Int): Any? {
-		return PebbleScriptLoader.runScript(null, args, self, context, lineNumber)
-	}
-}
diff --git a/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/view_map.kt b/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/view_map.kt
index 4306a61..141257b 100644
--- a/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/view_map.kt
+++ b/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/view_map.kt
@@ -1,16 +1,14 @@
 package info.mechyrdia.lore
 
-import info.mechyrdia.Configuration
+import info.mechyrdia.data.StoragePath
 import io.ktor.server.application.*
-import io.ktor.util.*
-import java.io.File
 
-fun ApplicationCall.galaxyMapPage(): File {
+fun ApplicationCall.galaxyMapPage(): StoragePath {
 	val themeName = when (pageTheme) {
 		PageTheme.SYSTEM -> "system"
 		PageTheme.LIGHT -> "light"
 		PageTheme.DARK -> "dark"
 	}
 	
-	return File(Configuration.CurrentConfiguration.assetDir).combineSafe("map/index-$themeName.html")
+	return StoragePath.assetDir / listOf("map", "index-$themeName.html")
 }
diff --git a/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/view_nav.kt b/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/view_nav.kt
index c5eac09..fc706cf 100644
--- a/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/view_nav.kt
+++ b/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/view_nav.kt
@@ -1,17 +1,16 @@
 package info.mechyrdia.lore
 
-import info.mechyrdia.Configuration
 import info.mechyrdia.JsonFileCodec
+import info.mechyrdia.data.FileStorage
+import info.mechyrdia.data.StoragePath
 import info.mechyrdia.data.currentNation
 import info.mechyrdia.route.Root
 import info.mechyrdia.route.createCsrfToken
 import info.mechyrdia.route.href
 import io.ktor.server.application.*
-import io.ktor.util.*
 import kotlinx.html.*
 import kotlinx.serialization.Serializable
 import kotlinx.serialization.builtins.ListSerializer
-import java.io.File
 import kotlin.collections.component1
 import kotlin.collections.component2
 import kotlin.collections.set
@@ -22,9 +21,10 @@ private data class ExternalLink(
 	val text: String
 )
 
-fun loadExternalLinks(): List<NavItem> {
-	val extraLinksFile = File(Configuration.CurrentConfiguration.rootDir).combineSafe("externalLinks.json")
-	val extraLinks = JsonFileCodec.decodeFromString(ListSerializer(ExternalLink.serializer()), extraLinksFile.readText())
+suspend fun loadExternalLinks(): List<NavItem> {
+	val extraLinksFile = StoragePath.Root / "externalLinks.json"
+	val extraLinksJson = String(FileStorage.instance.readFile(extraLinksFile)!!)
+	val extraLinks = JsonFileCodec.decodeFromString(ListSerializer(ExternalLink.serializer()), extraLinksJson)
 	return if (extraLinks.isEmpty())
 		emptyList()
 	else (listOf(NavHead("See Also")) + extraLinks.map { NavLink(it.url, it.text, textIsHtml = true) })
diff --git a/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/views_lore.kt b/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/views_lore.kt
index 4cfb5b1..9aa96aa 100644
--- a/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/views_lore.kt
+++ b/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/views_lore.kt
@@ -1,19 +1,16 @@
 package info.mechyrdia.lore
 
-import info.mechyrdia.Configuration
 import info.mechyrdia.JsonFileCodec
 import info.mechyrdia.data.*
 import info.mechyrdia.route.KeyedEnumSerializer
 import info.mechyrdia.route.Root
 import info.mechyrdia.route.href
 import io.ktor.server.application.*
-import io.ktor.util.*
 import kotlinx.coroutines.async
 import kotlinx.coroutines.coroutineScope
 import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.toList
 import kotlinx.html.*
 import kotlinx.serialization.Serializable
-import java.io.File
 
 @Serializable
 data class IntroMetaData(
@@ -26,18 +23,15 @@ data class IntroMetaData(
 }
 
 suspend fun ApplicationCall.loreIntroPage(): HTML.() -> Unit {
-	val rootDirFile = File(Configuration.CurrentConfiguration.rootDir)
+	val metaJson = String(FileStorage.instance.readFile(StoragePath.Root / "introMeta.json")!!)
+	val metaData = JsonFileCodec.decodeFromString(IntroMetaData.serializer(), metaJson)
 	
-	val metaJsonFile = rootDirFile.combineSafe("introMeta.json")
-	val metaData = JsonFileCodec.decodeFromString(IntroMetaData.serializer(), metaJsonFile.readText())
-	
-	val htmlFile = rootDirFile.combineSafe("intro.html")
-	val fileHtml = htmlFile.readText()
+	val html = String(FileStorage.instance.readFile(StoragePath.Root / "intro.html")!!)
 	
 	return page(metaData.title, standardNavBar(), null, metaData.ogData) {
 		section {
 			a { id = "page-top" }
-			unsafe { raw(fileHtml) }
+			unsafe { raw(html) }
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -67,44 +61,43 @@ enum class LoreArticleFormat(val format: String? = null) {
 
 object LoreArticleFormatSerializer : KeyedEnumSerializer<LoreArticleFormat>(LoreArticleFormat.entries, LoreArticleFormat::format)
 
-fun ApplicationCall.loreRawArticlePage(pagePathParts: List<String>): HTML.() -> Unit {
-	val articleDir = File(Configuration.CurrentConfiguration.articleDir)
+suspend fun ApplicationCall.loreRawArticlePage(pagePath: List<String>): HTML.() -> Unit {
+	val articleDir = StoragePath.articleDir
 	
-	val pagePath = pagePathParts.joinToString(separator = "/")
-	val pageFile = if (pagePath.isEmpty()) articleDir else articleDir.combineSafe(pagePath)
+	val pageFile = articleDir / pagePath
 	val pageNode = pageFile.toArticleNode()
 	
-	val parentPaths = if (pagePathParts.isEmpty())
+	val parentPaths = if (pagePath.isEmpty())
 		emptyList()
 	else {
-		val pathDirs = pagePathParts.dropLast(1)
+		val pathDirs = pagePath.dropLast(1)
 		listOf(Root.LorePage(emptyList(), LoreArticleFormat.RAW_HTML) to TOC_TITLE) + pathDirs.mapIndexed { i, part ->
 			Root.LorePage(pathDirs.take(i + 1), LoreArticleFormat.RAW_HTML) to part.toFriendlyPageTitle()
 		}
 	}
 	
-	val isValid = pageFile.exists() && pageFile.isViewable
+	val pageType = FileStorage.instance.getType(pageFile)
+	val isValid = pageType != null && pageFile.isViewable
 	
 	if (isValid) {
-		if (pageFile.isDirectory) {
+		if (pageType == StoredFileType.DIRECTORY) {
 			val title = pagePath.takeIf { it.isNotEmpty() }?.toFriendlyIndexTitle() ?: TOC_TITLE
 			
 			return rawPage(title) {
 				breadCrumbs(parentPaths)
 				h1 { +title }
 				ul {
-					pageNode.subNodes.renderInto(this, pagePathParts, LoreArticleFormat.RAW_HTML)
+					pageNode.subNodes.renderInto(this, pagePath, LoreArticleFormat.RAW_HTML)
 				}
 			}
 		}
 		
-		if (pageFile.isFile) {
-			val pageTemplate = pageFile.readText()
-			val pageMarkup = PreParser.preparse(pagePath, pageTemplate)
-			val pageHtml = pageMarkup.parseAs(ParserTree::toRawHtml)
+		val pageMarkup = FactbookLoader.loadFactbook(pagePath)
+		if (pageType == StoredFileType.FILE && pageMarkup != null) {
+			val pageHtml = pageMarkup.toRawHtml()
 			
 			val pageToC = TableOfContentsBuilder()
-			pageMarkup.parseAs(pageToC, ParserTree::buildToC)
+			pageMarkup.buildToC(pageToC)
 			
 			return rawPage(pageToC.toPageTitle(), pageToC.toOpenGraph()) {
 				breadCrumbs(parentPaths)
@@ -113,7 +106,7 @@ fun ApplicationCall.loreRawArticlePage(pagePathParts: List<String>): HTML.() ->
 		}
 	}
 	
-	val title = pagePath.substringAfterLast('/').toFriendlyPageTitle()
+	val title = pagePath.last().toFriendlyPageTitle()
 	
 	return rawPage(title) {
 		breadCrumbs(parentPaths)
@@ -126,14 +119,13 @@ fun ApplicationCall.loreRawArticlePage(pagePathParts: List<String>): HTML.() ->
 	}
 }
 
-suspend fun ApplicationCall.loreArticlePage(pagePathParts: List<String>, format: LoreArticleFormat = LoreArticleFormat.HTML): HTML.() -> Unit {
+suspend fun ApplicationCall.loreArticlePage(pagePath: List<String>, format: LoreArticleFormat = LoreArticleFormat.HTML): HTML.() -> Unit {
 	val totalsData = processGuestbook()
 	
 	if (format == LoreArticleFormat.RAW_HTML)
-		return loreRawArticlePage(pagePathParts)
+		return loreRawArticlePage(pagePath)
 	
-	val pagePath = pagePathParts.joinToString("/")
-	val pageFile = File(Configuration.CurrentConfiguration.articleDir).combineSafe(pagePath)
+	val pageFile = StoragePath.articleDir / pagePath
 	val pageNode = pageFile.toArticleNode()
 	
 	val (canCommentAs, comments) = coroutineScope {
@@ -145,11 +137,12 @@ suspend fun ApplicationCall.loreArticlePage(pagePathParts: List<String>, format:
 		canCommentAs.await() to comments.await()
 	}
 	
-	val isValid = pageFile.exists() && pageFile.isViewable
+	val pageType = FileStorage.instance.getType(pageFile)
+	val isValid = pageType != null && pageFile.isViewable
 	
 	if (isValid) {
-		if (pageFile.isDirectory) {
-			val navbar = standardNavBar(pagePathParts.takeIf { it.isNotEmpty() })
+		if (pageType == StoredFileType.DIRECTORY) {
+			val navbar = standardNavBar(pagePath.takeIf { it.isNotEmpty() })
 			
 			val title = pagePath.takeIf { it.isNotEmpty() }?.toFriendlyIndexTitle() ?: TOC_TITLE
 			
@@ -165,37 +158,36 @@ suspend fun ApplicationCall.loreArticlePage(pagePathParts: List<String>, format:
 					a { id = "page-top" }
 					h1 { +title }
 					ul {
-						pageNode.subNodes.renderInto(this, pagePathParts, format = format)
+						pageNode.subNodes.renderInto(this, pagePath, format = format)
 					}
 				}
 				
-				finalSection(pagePathParts, canCommentAs, comments, totalsData)
+				finalSection(pagePath, canCommentAs, comments, totalsData)
 			}
 		}
 		
-		if (pageFile.isFile) {
-			val pageTemplate = pageFile.readText()
-			val pageMarkup = PreParser.preparse(pagePath, pageTemplate)
-			val pageHtml = pageMarkup.parseAs(ParserTree::toFactbookHtml)
+		val pageMarkup = FactbookLoader.loadFactbook(pagePath)
+		if (pageType == StoredFileType.FILE && pageMarkup != null) {
+			val pageHtml = pageMarkup.toFactbookHtml()
 			
 			val pageToC = TableOfContentsBuilder()
-			pageMarkup.parseAs(pageToC, ParserTree::buildToC)
+			pageMarkup.buildToC(pageToC)
 			
 			val pageNav = pageToC.toNavBar() + NavLink("#comments", "Comments", aClasses = "left")
 			
-			val navbar = standardNavBar(pagePathParts)
+			val navbar = standardNavBar(pagePath)
 			val sidebar = PageNavSidebar(pageNav)
 			
 			return page(pageToC.toPageTitle(), navbar, sidebar, pageToC.toOpenGraph()) {
 				+pageHtml
 				
-				finalSection(pagePathParts, canCommentAs, comments, totalsData)
+				finalSection(pagePath, canCommentAs, comments, totalsData)
 			}
 		}
 	}
 	
-	val title = pagePathParts.last().toFriendlyPageTitle()
-	val navbar = standardNavBar(pagePathParts)
+	val title = pagePath.last().toFriendlyPageTitle()
+	val navbar = standardNavBar(pagePath)
 	val sidebar = PageNavSidebar(
 		listOf(
 			NavLink("#page-top", title, aClasses = "left"),
@@ -214,7 +206,7 @@ suspend fun ApplicationCall.loreArticlePage(pagePathParts: List<String>, format:
 			}
 		}
 		
-		finalSection(pagePathParts, canCommentAs, comments, totalsData)
+		finalSection(pagePath, canCommentAs, comments, totalsData)
 	}
 }
 
diff --git a/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/views_quote.kt b/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/views_quote.kt
index 033d170..6dbc735 100644
--- a/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/views_quote.kt
+++ b/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/views_quote.kt
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 package info.mechyrdia.lore
 
-import info.mechyrdia.Configuration
 import info.mechyrdia.JsonFileCodec
+import info.mechyrdia.data.FileStorage
+import info.mechyrdia.data.StoragePath
 import info.mechyrdia.route.KeyedEnumSerializer
 import io.ktor.http.*
 import io.ktor.server.application.*
@@ -13,7 +14,6 @@ import kotlinx.serialization.Serializable
 import kotlinx.serialization.builtins.ListSerializer
 import kotlinx.serialization.json.buildJsonObject
 import kotlinx.serialization.json.put
-import java.io.File
 
 @Serializable
 data class Quote(
@@ -35,11 +35,15 @@ data class Quote(
 			"https://mechyrdia.info/lore/$link"
 }
 
-val quotesList by fileData(File(Configuration.CurrentConfiguration.rootDir).combineSafe("quotes.json")) { jsonFile ->
-	JsonFileCodec.decodeFromString(ListSerializer(Quote.serializer()), jsonFile.readText())
+private val quotesListGetter by storedData(StoragePath("quotes.json")) { jsonPath ->
+	FileStorage.instance.readFile(jsonPath)?.let {
+		JsonFileCodec.decodeFromString(ListSerializer(Quote.serializer()), String(it))
+	}
 }
 
-fun randomQuote(): Quote = quotesList.random()
+suspend fun getQuotesList() = quotesListGetter()!!
+
+suspend fun randomQuote(): Quote = getQuotesList().random()
 
 @Serializable(with = QuoteFormatSerializer::class)
 enum class QuoteFormat(val format: String?) {
diff --git a/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/views_robots.kt b/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/views_robots.kt
index 82d023e..a95aa07 100644
--- a/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/views_robots.kt
+++ b/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/views_robots.kt
@@ -1,71 +1,33 @@
 package info.mechyrdia.lore
 
-import info.mechyrdia.Configuration
-import io.ktor.util.*
-import java.io.File
-import java.time.Instant
-import kotlin.math.max
+import info.mechyrdia.data.FileStorage
+import info.mechyrdia.data.StoragePath
 
-private const val AVERAGE_FACTBOOK_PAGE_CHANGEFREQ = "hourly"
-private const val AVERAGE_FACTBOOK_INDEX_CHANGEFREQ = "daily"
 private const val AVERAGE_FACTBOOK_INTRO_CHANGEFREQ = "daily"
+private const val AVERAGE_FACTBOOK_PAGE_CHANGEFREQ = "hourly"
 private const val FACTBOOK_INTRO_PRIORITY = "0.7"
-private const val FACTBOOK_ROOT_PRIORITY = "0.6"
-private const val FACTBOOK_INDEX_PRIORITY = "0.4"
 private const val FACTBOOK_PAGE_PRIORITY = "0.8"
 
-private val File.lastSubFilesModified: Instant?
-	get() = if (isDirectory)
-		(listFiles().orEmpty().mapNotNull {
-			it.lastSubFilesModified
-		} + Instant.ofEpochMilli(lastModified())).max()
-	else null
-
-private val File.lastContentModified: Instant
-	get() = lastSubFilesModified ?: Instant.ofEpochMilli(lastModified())
-
-context(Appendable)
-private fun List<ArticleNode>.renderIntoSitemap(base: String? = null) {
-	val prefix by lazy(LazyThreadSafetyMode.NONE) { base?.let { "$it/" }.orEmpty() }
-	for (node in this) {
-		if (node.isViewable) {
-			val path = "$prefix${node.name}"
-			
-			val file = File(Configuration.CurrentConfiguration.articleDir).combineSafe(path)
-			val lastModified = file.lastContentModified
-			val changeFreq = if (node.subNodes.isNotEmpty()) AVERAGE_FACTBOOK_INDEX_CHANGEFREQ else AVERAGE_FACTBOOK_PAGE_CHANGEFREQ
-			val priority = if (node.subNodes.isNotEmpty()) FACTBOOK_INDEX_PRIORITY else FACTBOOK_PAGE_PRIORITY
+private suspend fun Appendable.renderLoreSitemap() {
+	for (page in allPages()) {
+		if (page.path.isViewable) {
+			val lastModified = page.stat.updated
 			
 			appendLine("\t<url>")
-			appendLine("\t\t<loc>https://mechyrdia.info/lore/$path</loc>")
+			appendLine("\t\t<loc>https://mechyrdia.info/lore/${page.path}</loc>")
 			appendLine("\t\t<lastmod>$lastModified</lastmod>")
-			appendLine("\t\t<changefreq>$changeFreq</changefreq>")
-			appendLine("\t\t<priority>$priority</priority>")
+			appendLine("\t\t<changefreq>$AVERAGE_FACTBOOK_PAGE_CHANGEFREQ</changefreq>")
+			appendLine("\t\t<priority>$FACTBOOK_PAGE_PRIORITY</priority>")
 			appendLine("\t</url>")
-			node.subNodes.renderIntoSitemap(path)
 		}
 	}
 }
 
-private fun Appendable.renderLoreSitemap() {
-	val rootFile = File(Configuration.CurrentConfiguration.articleDir)
-	val rootLastModified = rootFile.lastContentModified
-	
-	appendLine("\t<url>")
-	appendLine("\t\t<loc>https://mechyrdia.info/lore</loc>")
-	appendLine("\t\t<lastmod>$rootLastModified</lastmod>")
-	appendLine("\t\t<changefreq>$AVERAGE_FACTBOOK_INDEX_CHANGEFREQ</changefreq>")
-	appendLine("\t\t<priority>$FACTBOOK_ROOT_PRIORITY</priority>")
-	appendLine("\t</url>")
-	
-	rootArticleNodeList().renderIntoSitemap()
-}
-
-private fun Appendable.renderIntroSitemap() {
-	val introFile = File(Configuration.CurrentConfiguration.rootDir).combineSafe("intro.html")
-	val introMetaFile = File(Configuration.CurrentConfiguration.rootDir).combineSafe("introMeta.json")
+private suspend fun Appendable.renderIntroSitemap() {
+	val introFile = FileStorage.instance.statFile(StoragePath.Root / "intro.html") ?: return
+	val introMetaFile = FileStorage.instance.statFile(StoragePath.Root / "introMeta.json") ?: return
 	
-	val introLastModified = Instant.ofEpochMilli(max(introFile.lastModified(), introMetaFile.lastModified()))
+	val introLastModified = maxOf(introFile.updated, introMetaFile.updated)
 	
 	appendLine("\t<url>")
 	appendLine("\t\t<loc>https://mechyrdia.info/</loc>")
@@ -75,7 +37,7 @@ private fun Appendable.renderIntroSitemap() {
 	appendLine("\t</url>")
 }
 
-fun Appendable.generateSitemap() {
+suspend fun Appendable.generateSitemap() {
 	appendLine("<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\"?>")
 	appendLine("<urlset xmlns=\"http://www.sitemaps.org/schemas/sitemap/0.9\">")
 	renderIntroSitemap()
diff --git a/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/views_rss.kt b/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/views_rss.kt
index affa3b2..d82246e 100644
--- a/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/views_rss.kt
+++ b/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/lore/views_rss.kt
@@ -1,43 +1,53 @@
 package info.mechyrdia.lore
 
 import com.mongodb.client.model.Sorts
-import info.mechyrdia.Configuration
 import info.mechyrdia.OwnerNationId
 import info.mechyrdia.data.*
 import io.ktor.http.*
 import io.ktor.server.application.*
 import io.ktor.util.*
+import kotlinx.coroutines.async
+import kotlinx.coroutines.awaitAll
+import kotlinx.coroutines.coroutineScope
 import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.filterNot
 import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.take
 import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.toList
-import java.io.File
 import java.time.Instant
 import java.time.ZoneOffset
 import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter
 
-context(MutableList<File>)
-private fun ArticleNode.addPages(base: String? = null) {
+data class StoragePathWithStat(val path: StoragePath, val stat: StoredFileStats)
+
+private suspend fun ArticleNode.addPages(base: StoragePath): List<StoragePathWithStat> {
 	if (!this.isViewable)
-		return
-	val path = base?.let { "$it/$name" } ?: name
-	val file = File(Configuration.CurrentConfiguration.articleDir).combineSafe(path)
-	if (file.isFile)
-		add(file)
-	else for (subNode in subNodes)
-		subNode.addPages(path)
+		return emptyList()
+	val path = base / name
+	val stat = FileStorage.instance.statFile(path)
+	return if (stat != null)
+		listOf(StoragePathWithStat(path, stat))
+	else coroutineScope {
+		subNodes.map { subNode ->
+			async {
+				subNode.addPages(path)
+			}
+		}.awaitAll().flatten()
+	}
 }
 
-private fun allPages(): List<File> {
-	return buildList {
-		for (node in rootArticleNodeList())
-			node.addPages()
+suspend fun allPages(): List<StoragePathWithStat> {
+	return coroutineScope {
+		rootArticleNodeList().map { subNode ->
+			async {
+				subNode.addPages(StoragePath.articleDir)
+			}
+		}.awaitAll().flatten()
 	}
 }
 
-fun Appendable.generateRecentPageEdits() {
-	val pages = allPages().sortedByDescending { it.lastModified() }
+suspend fun Appendable.generateRecentPageEdits() {
+	val pages = allPages().sortedByDescending { it.stat.updated }
 	
-	val mostRecentChange = pages.firstOrNull()?.lastModified()?.let { Instant.ofEpochMilli(it) }
+	val mostRecentChange = pages.firstOrNull()?.stat?.updated
 	
 	RssChannel(
 		title = "Recently Edited Factbooks | The Hour of Decision",
@@ -49,44 +59,43 @@ fun Appendable.generateRecentPageEdits() {
 		categories = listOf(
 			RssCategory(domain = "https://nationstates.net", category = "Mechyrdia")
 		),
-		items = pages.map { page ->
-			val pagePath = page.toRelativeString(File(Configuration.CurrentConfiguration.articleDir)).replace('\\', '/')
-			
-			val pageTemplate = page.readText()
-			val pageMarkup = PreParser.preparse(pagePath, pageTemplate)
-			
-			val pageToC = TableOfContentsBuilder()
-			pageMarkup.parseAs(pageToC, ParserTree::buildToC)
-			val pageOg = pageToC.toOpenGraph()
-			
-			val imageEnclosure = pageOg?.image?.let { url ->
-				val assetPath = url.removePrefix("https://mechyrdia.info/assets/")
-				val file = File(Configuration.CurrentConfiguration.assetDir).combineSafe(assetPath)
-				RssItemEnclosure(
-					url = url,
-					length = file.length(),
-					type = ContentType.defaultForFile(file).toString()
-				)
-			}
-			
-			RssItem(
-				title = pageToC.toPageTitle(),
-				description = pageOg?.desc,
-				link = "https://mechyrdia.info/lore/$pagePath",
-				author = null,
-				comments = "https://mechyrdia.info/lore/$pagePath#comments",
-				enclosure = imageEnclosure,
-				pubDate = Instant.ofEpochMilli(page.lastModified())
-			)
+		items = coroutineScope {
+			pages.map { page ->
+				async {
+					val pageMarkup = FactbookLoader.loadFactbook(page.path.elements.drop(1)) ?: return@async null
+					
+					val pageToC = TableOfContentsBuilder()
+					pageMarkup.buildToC(pageToC)
+					val pageOg = pageToC.toOpenGraph()
+					
+					val imageEnclosure = pageOg?.image?.let { url ->
+						val assetPath = url.removePrefix("https://mechyrdia.info/assets/")
+						val file = StoragePath.assetDir / assetPath
+						RssItemEnclosure(
+							url = url,
+							length = FileStorage.instance.statFile(file)?.size ?: 0L,
+							type = ContentType.defaultForFileExtension(assetPath.substringAfterLast('.')).toString()
+						)
+					}
+					
+					RssItem(
+						title = pageToC.toPageTitle(),
+						description = pageOg?.desc,
+						link = "https://mechyrdia.info/lore/${page.path}",
+						author = null,
+						comments = "https://mechyrdia.info/lore/${page.path}#comments",
+						enclosure = imageEnclosure,
+						pubDate = page.stat.updated
+					)
+				}
+			}.awaitAll().filterNotNull()
 		}
 	).toXml(this)
 }
 
-suspend fun ApplicationCall.recentCommentsRssFeedGenerator(): Appendable.() -> Unit {
+suspend fun ApplicationCall.recentCommentsRssFeedGenerator(limit: Int): Appendable.() -> Unit {
 	val currNation = currentNation()
 	
-	val limit = request.queryParameters["limit"]?.toIntOrNull() ?: 10
-	
 	val validLimits = 1..100
 	
 	if (limit !in validLimits)
diff --git a/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/route/resource_types.kt b/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/route/resource_types.kt
index 685cb88..363c4f6 100644
--- a/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/route/resource_types.kt
+++ b/src/jvmMain/kotlin/info/mechyrdia/route/resource_types.kt
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 package info.mechyrdia.route
 
-import info.mechyrdia.Configuration
 import info.mechyrdia.auth.loginPage
 import info.mechyrdia.auth.loginRoute
 import info.mechyrdia.auth.logoutRoute
@@ -15,8 +14,7 @@ import io.ktor.util.*
 import io.ktor.util.pipeline.*
 import kotlinx.coroutines.Dispatchers
 import kotlinx.coroutines.delay
-import kotlinx.coroutines.runInterruptible
-import java.io.File
+import kotlinx.coroutines.withContext
 
 val ErrorMessageAttributeKey = AttributeKey<String>("ErrorMessage")
 
@@ -36,10 +34,7 @@ class Root(val error: String? = null) : ResourceHandler, ResourceFilter {
 		override suspend fun PipelineContext<Unit, ApplicationCall>.handleCall() {
 			with(root) { filterCall() }
 			
-			val assetPath = path.joinToString(separator = File.separator)
-			val assetFile = File(Configuration.CurrentConfiguration.assetDir).combineSafe(assetPath)
-			
-			call.respondAsset(assetFile)
+			call.respondAsset(StoragePath.assetDir / path)
 		}
 	}
 	
@@ -57,7 +52,7 @@ class Root(val error: String? = null) : ResourceHandler, ResourceFilter {
 		override suspend fun PipelineContext<Unit, ApplicationCall>.handleCall() {
 			with(root) { filterCall() }
 			
-			call.respondFile(call.galaxyMapPage())
+			call.respondStoredFile(call.galaxyMapPage())
 		}
 	}
 	
@@ -75,7 +70,7 @@ class Root(val error: String? = null) : ResourceHandler, ResourceFilter {
 		override suspend fun PipelineContext<Unit, ApplicationCall>.handleCall() {
 			with(root) { filterCall() }
 			
-			call.respondFile(File(Configuration.CurrentConfiguration.rootDir).combineSafe("robots.txt"))
+			call.respondStoredFile(StoragePath.Root / "robots.txt")
 		}
 	}
 	
@@ -98,11 +93,11 @@ class Root(val error: String? = null) : ResourceHandler, ResourceFilter {
 	}
 	
 	@Resource("comments.rss")
-	class RecentCommentsRss(val root: Root = Root()) : ResourceHandler {
+	class RecentCommentsRss(val limit: Int?, val root: Root = Root()) : ResourceHandler {
 		override suspend fun PipelineContext<Unit, ApplicationCall>.handleCall() {
 			with(root) { filterCall() }
 			
-			call.respondText(buildString(call.recentCommentsRssFeedGenerator()), ContentType.Application.Rss)
+			call.respondText(buildString(call.recentCommentsRssFeedGenerator(limit ?: 10)), ContentType.Application.Rss)
 		}
 	}
 	
@@ -286,7 +281,7 @@ class Root(val error: String? = null) : ResourceHandler, ResourceFilter {
 			override suspend fun PipelineContext<Unit, ApplicationCall>.handleCall(payload: MechyrdiaSansPayload) {
 				with(utils) { filterCall() }
 				
-				call.respondText(runInterruptible(Dispatchers.Default) {
+				call.respondText(withContext(Dispatchers.Default) {
 					MechyrdiaSansFont.renderTextToSvg(payload.lines.joinToString(separator = "\n") { it.trim() }, payload.bold, payload.italic, payload.align)
 				}, ContentType.Image.SVG)
 			}
-- 
2.25.1